Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid toxicity

Gogte ST. 1970. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetracycline and toxicity of barium chloride and sodium fluoride [letter to editor], Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 14 61-62. 

SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intraperitoneal route. A skin and eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and Na20. See also ETHYLENEDIAMINETETRAACETIC ACID, DISODIUM SALT. 

Chelation therapy is usually the treatment of choice. Both CaNai-EDTA (calcium disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and British Antilewisite compound (BAL 2,3-dimercaptopropanol) are commonly used to remove lead from the body. Both are administered via intramuscular injection. BAL binds lead to sulfhydral groups and chelates metal from both inside and outside the cellular space. Lead removal through the bile and urine is increased within 30 min of administration. BAL is the common choice when there is known toxicity to the kidney, but it is contraindicated if there is liver failure or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. BAL treatment has produced a number of adverse reactions, including nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, and fever. 

Many symptoms of manganese toxicity disappear after the victim is removed from the source of exposure. L-Dopa (levodopa) can reverse some symptoms, but complete recovery is not expected. Calcium-EDTA (the calcium disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) will help improve an acute manganese-induced psychosis. 

Currently, there are no antidotes of choice for selenium toxicity. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and BAL (British antilewisite 2,3-dimercaptopropanol) should not be used because they may enhance selenium toxicity. Treatment is symptomatic (e.g., cardiopulmonary). Often, supplemental oxygen is needed. Corrosive selenious acid (in gun-bluing solution) should be treated similar to other agents that cause esophageal burns. 

Some of the effects of toxic chemical mixtures on soil pollution are predictable. Acidic soils dissolve otherwise insoluble metal oxides and salts, thereby increasing available metal concentrations and toxicity to flora and fauna. Available copper content is inversely proportional to increased pH of soiU4 Earthworm mortality in soil polluted by lead increases as pH decreases. I15l The addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and its disodium salt to soil contaminated with cadmium, lead, and zinc increases the availability of these metals to plants and results in significant increases in the uptake of these in plants. I25l... 

Treatment of mercury poisoning requires removal from the exposure followed by chelation. New chelation methods that use Ai-acetylpenicillamine, 2,3,-dimercaptopropane-l-sulfonate, or di-mercaptosuccinic acid replaced early uses of British Anti-Lewisite and D-penicillamine (Marsh 1985). British Anti-Lewisite (2,3-di-mercaptopropanol) increases cerebral organic mercury in some cases (Goetz 1985). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid does not displace mercury and worsens the renal toxicity of mercury (Goetz 1985). 

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a polycarboxylic acid chelator its sodium salt (edetate disodium, Na EDTA), and a number of closely related compounds chelate many divalent and triva-lent metals. The cation used to make a water-soluble salt of EDTA has an important role in the toxicity of the chelator. Na EDTA causes hypocalcemic tetany. However, edetate calcium disodium (CaNa EDTA) can be used for treatment of poisoning by metals that have higher affinity for the chelating agent than does Ca +. 

Synonyms Acetic acid, (ethylenedinitrilo) tetra-, sodium salt Edathamil monosodium ferric salt Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ferric-sodium salt Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium ferric salt ((Ethylene dinitrilo) tetraacetato)-ferate (1-), sodium Ferisan Ferric sodium edetate Ferric sodium EDTA Sodium feredetate Sodium iron EDTA Definition Commercial prod, is the trihydrate Empiricai CioHi2FeN208 Na Properties Greenish-yel. cryst m.w. 367.08 Toxicoiogy LD50 (oral, rat) 5 g/kg mildly toxic by ing. TSCA listed... 

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