Ethyl t-butyl ether

In addition to MTBE and MMT, other kinds of additives are being developed. Some of these are derivatives of alcohol. Variations of MTBE are also being used, especially the ether-derived ETBE (ethyl-t-butyl ether). 

Figure 9.15. MTBE, methyl t-butyl ether, a common octane booster in gasoline, has an octane number of 116. Other boosters are ETBE (ethyl t-butyl ether RON = 118) and TAME (t-amyl methyl ether RON = 111).

The additives used in oxygenated gasoline are alcohols and ethers, the most common of which are ethanol (ethyl alcohol grain alcohol) and methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE). Two less commonly used additives are ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE) and t-amyl methyl ether (TAME). The chemical structures of these four additives are shown in the diagram on page 24. 

Ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE) t-amyl methyl ether (TAME)... 

Recent developments and concern over the control of fuel exhaust emissions have led to the increased use of combustion system detergents, oxygenates and cetane improvers in fuel. Oxygenated blend components such as ethanol, methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE), and /-amylmethyl ether (TAME) are also used to help limit the exhaust emissions from fuel. 

In the United States, passage of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAAs) led to the development of Federal programs that required oxygen-containing compounds be blended in gasoline to reduce carbon monoxide emissions. Examples of compounds used as oxygenates are methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), ethanol (EtOH), ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE), t-amyl methyl ether... 

Dry air is assumed to contain 20.946 mol % O2. Gasoline is assumed to have an average molecular formula of CsHi. MTBE, ETBE, and TAME are methyl 2-mefhyl-2-propyl ether (methyl -butyl ether), ethyl 2-methyl-2-propyl ether (ethyl t-butyl ether), and methyl 2,2-dimethyl-l-propyl ether (methyl t-amyl ether). 

Ethyl t-butyl ether 4081 (ETBE) excise tax exemption... 

Ethyl t-butyl ether 38, 40 income tax credit (blenderh credit)... 

Nihl n A, LOf A, Johanson G (1995) Liquid/air partition coefficients of methyl and ethyl t-butyl ethers, r-amyl methyl ether, and Gbutyl alcohol. J Exp Anal Environ Epidemiol 5 573-582... 

IIT Research Institute (1989b) Acute inhalation toxicity study of ethyl-t-butyl ether (ETBE) in rats. Unpublished Report 1496 for Amoco Corporation, November 1989... 

When ethyl bromide is added to potassium t-butoxide, the product is ethyl t-butyl ether. 

When t-butyl bromide is heated with ethanol, one of the products is ethyl t-butyl ether. 

HFA 134a LTBE MTBE TAME 1,1,1,2-T et rafluoroethane Ethyl t-butyl ether Methyl t-butyl ether t-Amyl methyl ether CF3CH2F CH3CH,0C(CH3) CH3O C(CH3)3 H3C—C-0CH3... 

---