Ethyl a-hydroxypropionate

ETHYL 2-HYDROXYPROPIONATE see LAJOOO ETHYL a-HYDROXYPROPIONATE see LAJOOO 2-ETHYL-3-HYDROXY-4H-PYRAN-4-ONE see EMA600 ETHYLIC ACID see AAT250 5-ETHYLIDENEBICYCLO(2.2.1)HEPT-2-ENE see EL0500... 

Actylol Acytol ethyl a-hydroxypropionate ethyl-2-hydroxy-propanoate ethyl-2-hydroxypropionate ethyl-S-(-)-2-hydr-oxypropionate 2-hydroxypropanoic acid ethyl ester lactic acid ethyl ester propanoic acid 2-hydroxy-ethyl ester Purasolv EL Solactol. 

ETHYL-a-HYDROXYPROPIONATE (97-64-3) Forms explosive mixture with air (flash point 115°F/46°C cc). Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Incompatible with nitrates. 

Ethyl-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol trimethacrylate. See 1,1,1 Tri methylolpropane trimethacrylate 4-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-1-octyne. See Ethyl octynol Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate Ethyl a-hydroxypropionate Ethyl-S(-)-2-hydroxypropionate. See Ethyl lac tate... 

Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate Ethyl a-hydroxypropionate. See Ethyl lactate... 

CAS 97-64-3 EINECS/ELINCS 202-598-0 UN 1192 (DOT) FEMA 2440 Synonyms Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate Ethyl a-hydroxypropionate 2-Hydroxypropionic acid ethyl ester Lactic acid ethyl ester Classification Lactate ester Definition Ethyl ester of lactic acid commercial prod, is a racemic mixt. 

Ethyl a-bromoisobutyrate, 21, 53 Ethyl /3-bromopropionate, 20, 6S Ethyl caprylate, 20, 69 Ethyl carbonate, 23, 95, 97 Ethyl chlorocarbonate, 21, 81 2-Ethylchromone, 21, 42 Ethyl diacetylacetate, 21, 46 copper derivative, 21, 46 Ethyl a,a-DIMETHYL-/3-PHENYL-/3-hydroxypropionate, 21, S3 Ethylene chloride, 20, 28 22, 76 ETHYLENEDIAMINE, IV IV-DIBUTYL-, 23, 23... 

Ethyl a,a-dimethyl-/3-phenyl- 3-hydroxypropionate may be prepared in a similar manner. For instance, from 100 g. of ethyl a-bromoisobutyrate and 65 g. of benzaldehyde, 82.5 g. (73 per cent of the theoretical amount) of ethyl a,a-dimethyl-/3-phenyl-/3-hydroxypropionate, boiling at i53-i58°/n mm., is obtained. It may be recrystallized by dissolving it at 30° in 100 cc. of ligroin (30-60°), chilling the solution for several days, and decanting the clear liquid from the precipitate m.p. 38.5-39°. 

SYNS ACTYLOL ACYTOL ETHYLESTER KYSEL-INY MLECNE ETHYL a-HYDROX TROPIONATE ETHYL 2-HYDROXYPROPIONATE D ETHYL LACTATE pOT,FCq FEMA No. 2440 LACTATE d ETHYLE (FRENCH) SOLACTOL... 

Hexafluoroacetone in pyridine treated at room temp, with ethyl acetoacetate ethyl a-acetyl-y -[bis(trifluoromethyl)]-j -hydroxypropionate. Y 88.7%. F. e. s. I. L. Knunyants, Tsin-Yun Ghen, and N. P. Gambaryan, Zhur. Vsesoyuz. Khim. Obshchestva im. D. I. Mendeleeva 5, 112 (1960) C. A. 54, 20872g. 

Ethyl lactate (ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate) is a nontoxic biodegradable compoxmd naturally found in a variety of food and industrially produced via esterification of lactic acid with ethanol [149]. Both of the components for the production of ethyl lactate are derived from renewable raw material (including low-cost agricultural waste) mainly by the fermentation process. This environmentally benign solvent with high boiling point (154 °C) and low volatility has properties superior to many conventional petroleum-based solvents and can substitute them as an eco-friendly alternative in many reactions [150,151]. The applications of ethyl lactate as a medium for the multicomponent heterocyclic synthesis are exemplified below. 

Benzaldehyde dimethylacetal (200 pi, 1.33 mmol) and a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid (37 mg) are added to methyl (2R,3S)-3-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonamido)-3-phenyl-2-hydroxypropionate (315 mg, 0.83 mmol) in toluene 5 ml. The mixture is heated at 100°C under reduced pressure (15 mm mercury) with no condenser. After 1 h the crude reaction mixture is diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with water (2 times). After drying the organic layer over magnesium sulfate the crude material is purified by column chormatography (silica gel eluting with ethyl acetate/cyclohexane, 35/65) to give the (2S,4S,5R)-2,4-diphenyl-3-(4-nitrobenzenesulfonamido)-5-methoxycarbonyl-l,3-oxazolidine, melting point 118°-120°C. 

The cyanohydrin synthesis of a-hydroxy acids is very often carried out without isolation or purification of the cyanohydrins. The various techniques for the preparation of the cyanohydrins are discussed elsewhere (method 390). Hydrolysis to the a-hydroxy acids is usually effected by heating with concentrated hydrochloric acid. Excellent directions are given for mandelic acid (52% over-all from benzaldehyde), a-methyl-a-hydroxybutyric acid (65% from methyl ethyl ketone), and eighteen dialkyl- and alkylphenyl-glycolic acids (60-80%). Sodium hydroxide solution is used in the preparation of /S-hydroxypropionic acid from the /S-hydroxy nitrile (80%). ... 

Y. Tsuzuki, S. Saegi, S. Motoki, A. Minegishi, N. Mori, and R. Morii. J. Chem. Soc. Japan, Pure Chem. Sect. 75, 1030-4 (1954). IR chelation in diethyl tartrate, /-ethyl lactate, 8-hydroxypropion-ate in CCI4. 

Within the framework of studies of the mechanism of fragmentation of 2-phenyl-oxetane by electron bombardment in the ion source of a mass spectrometer 2-phenyloxetanes labelled with stable isotopes were needed104. 2-Phenyloxetanes, 157, labelled with fH (and 13C) in different positions have been synthesized according to four-step reaction schemes shown in equations 68 and 69105. In the first step, isotopically (D- or 13C) labelled benzaldehyde has been coupled with ethyl bromoacetate in the presence of Zn and dimethoxymethane. The deuterated 3-phenyl-3-hydroxypropionate obtained has been reduced with lithium aluminium hydride. In the next step the primary alcohol group of the deuterated phenyl propanediol 158 has been tosylated. Cyclization of the monotosylates 159 yielded 13C- or deuterium-labelled 2-phenyloxe-oxtanes 157. 

To 3-methylphenol in CHjClj at OC TiCl was added and, after stirring for 30min. a soln of Et pyruvate in CH2CI2 was slowly introduced and reaction contd. for 10 min. at OC, to afford ethyl l-(2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-1 -hydroxypropionate. 

A remarkable acceleration effect on the ring-opening of various epoxides with HCo(CO)4 was achieved by the addition of small amounts of Lewis bases such as alcohols (ethanol, butanol) [8]. In this maimer, the hydroformylation of propylene oxide was accelerated by a factor of 100. An improvement of conversion was also observed in the presence of acetone, diethyl ether, or THE (tetrahydrofu-ran). Low reaction temperatures stimulated hkewise the selective formation of hydroxy aldehydes. With styrene, mainly isomeric diols were obtained because of the high reducing power of the cobalt catalyst. Epichlorohydrin yielded mainly ethyl y-chloro-P-hydroxypropionate. The relative reactivity of the olefin oxides toward these hydroformylation conditions was found to be in the following order (Figure 6.15). 

Acrylic acid is an important chemical building block used in the manufacture of polyacrylates and commodity acrylates. Commodity acrylates, such as methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, are utilized in various industrial applications, including coatings, adhesives and sealants, textiles and fibers, polymer additives/impact modifiers, and films. Polyacrylates are extensively used as super absorbent polymers. Bio-based acrylic acid can be obtained through the fermentation of carbohydrates to 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HPA), and further dehydration of 3-HPA gives acrylic acid. 3-HPA could also be used as a precursor to other important chemical building blocks, such as PDO, acrylonitrile, and acrylamide. Via another route, glycerol can be chemically converted to acrylic acid, either by dehydration to acrolein followed by oxidation to the final product or in a one-step oxydehydration. 

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