Ethanediol glycol

SYNONYMS 1,2-dihydroxyethane, 1,2-ethanediol, glycol alcohol, monoethylene glycol, ethylene alcohol, ethylene dihydrate. 

Synonyms/Trade Names 1,2-Dihydroxyethane 1,2-Ethanediol Glycol Glycol alcohol Monoethyleneglycol... 

Diols that bear two hydroxyl groups m a 1 2 or 1 3 relationship to each other yield cyclic acetals on reaction with either aldehydes or ketones The five membered cyclic acetals derived from ethylene glycol (12 ethanediol) are the most commonly encoun tered examples Often the position of equilibrium is made more favorable by removing the water formed m the reaction by azeotropic distillation with benzene or toluene... 

Oxirane is used as a fumigant for grain and a sterilant e.g. for space vehicles bound for putative abodes of life), but mainly for the manufacture of 1,2-ethanediol ( ethylene glycol ), emulsifiers, plastics and resins (below), plasticizers, synthetic rubber and synthetic fibers. Methyloxirane is used mainly to make detergents, hydraulic fiuids and lubricants. 

Ethylene glycol 1,2-Ethanediol 95 CoHeOo 1,2-Propylene glycol 1,2-Propanediol 96 C,HsOj... 

The most generally useful polyester is that made by reaction between dimethyl terephthalate (dimethyl 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) and ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol). The product is used under the trade name Dacron to make clothing fiber and tire cord and under the name Mylar to make recording tape. The tensile strength of polyethylene terephthalate) film is nearly equal to that of steel. 

Due to the differences in the values relative to any one system, conclusions cannot easily be drawn from the activation parameters listed in Table 3. However, an analysis of the results relative to 1,2-ethanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-l,3-propanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,10-decanediol and diethylene glycol shows that a slight difference can be observed between aromatic and aliphatic acids the activations enthalpies and entropies are in the ranges 70, 100 kJ mol"1 and -SO, -130 J K"1 mol-1 for aromatic acids, and in the ranges 50, 70 kJ mol"1 and -200, -100 J K"1 mol-1 for the aliphatic acids. 

Habid and Malek49 who studied the activity of metal derivatives in the catalyzed esterification of aromatic carboxylic acids with aliphatic glycols found a reaction order of 0.5 relative to the catalyst for Ti(OBu)4, tin(II) oxalate and lead(II) oxide. As we have already mentioned in connection with other examples, it appears that the activation enthalpies of the esterifications carried out in the presence of Ti, Sn and Pb derivatives are very close to those reported by Hartman et al.207,208 for the acid-catalyzed esterification of benzoic and substituted benzoic acids with cyclohexanol. These enthalpies also approach those reported by Matsuzaki and Mitani268 for the esterification of benzoic acids with 1,2-ethanediol in the absence of a catalyst. On the other hand, when activation entropies are considered, a difference exists between the esterification of benzoic acid with 1,2-ethanediol catalyzed by Ti, Sn and Pb derivatives and the non-catalyzed reaction268. Thus, activation enthalpies are nearly the same for metal ion-catalyzed and non-catalyzed reactions whereas the activation entropy of the metal ion-catalyzed reaction is much lower than that of the non-catalyzed reaction. 

Ethylene glycol ethanediol dihydroxyethane Propylene glycol propanediol dihydroxypropane Butylene glycol butanediol dihydroxybutane... 

Styrene glycol dimesylate [ 1,2-Ethanediol, 1-phenyl-, dimethylsulfonate], 55,... 

Ethylene glycol, or 1,2-ethanediol, HOCH2CH2OH (2), is an example of a diol, which is a compound with two hydroxyl groups. Ethylene glycol is used as a component of antifreeze mixtures and in the manufacture of some synthetic fibers. 

Write the condensed structural formulas of the principal products of the reaction that takes place when (a) ethylene glycol, 1,2-ethanediol, is heated with stearic acid, CH,(CH2)i6COOH (b) ethanol is heated with oxalic acid, HOOCCOOH (c) 1-butanol is heated with propanoic acid. 

Ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol) is added to automobile radiators to prevent cooling water from freezing. Estimate the freezing point of coolant that contains 2.00 kg of ethylene glycol and 5.00 L of water. 

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