Essential safety requirements

The manufacturers have to comply with a mandatory set of essential safety requirements. ... 

All equipment covered by the PED must meet the essential safety requirements (ESR) defined in Appendix I. They are to be addressed by the manufacturer for all operating and reasonably foreseeable working conditions. ... 

The corresponding code for simple pressure vessels in United Kingdom3 is contained in the Statutory Instrument 1991, No. 2749. The schedule 1 consists of essential safety requirements. Some of the essential features covered by the Statutory Instrument are ... 

The ATEX 100a Directive, Directive 94/9/EC, specifies Essential Safety Requirements (ESRs) in its Annex II (see Section 3.3). 

Legislation concerning flammable solvents is not limited to situations where such solvents are being handled. In addition, equipment manufacturers who supply equipment for use in such situations are also controlled by an extensive array of regulations. These requirements are illustrated by the recent European Directive concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres [26]. This sets out essential safety requirements which will have to be met by equipment manufacturers before a product can be placed on the market in the future. 

Since the integrity of the reactor pressure vessel is an essential safety requirement, it is useful to summarize the fundamental recommendations for the certain prevention of accidents. These recommendations concern the materials, the design, the fabrication, the inspection and the operation of the vessel. 

For that purpose, firstly the applicable directives must be listed, secondly the harmonized standards associated to these directives must be identified and thirdly the technical specifications must be complied with in order to prove conformity with the essential safety requirements stipulated in those directives. 

Thus the specific feature of this certification Ues in the application of ATEX standards to ensure overall safety of the system whereas generally speaking these harmonized standards are used to prove conformity with ATEX directive 94/9/CE. There are therefore no differences concerning the ATEX evaluation hut at regulatory level, EC conformity will certify that Daisy Bell meets the essential safety requirements of the Machinery directive. 

Conformity with essential safety requirements is based on the appHcation of machinery safety standard... 

The Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 in its requirement to determine safety of use so far as is reasonably practicable The Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 1992 in the essential safety requirement to eliminate or reduce risks as far as possible. 

Pressure Equipment Direetive 97/23/EC (EC 1997) Annex I Essential safety requirements... 

The Machinery Directive provides for a declaration of incorporation (D of I) that enables machines that are partially finished products to be put on the market for incorporation into other apparatus. The D of I identifies the essential safety requirements with which the partially finished product complies, the machine becoming fully compliant when incorporated into a final apparatus that complies with an appropriate directive. 

As discussed earlier, the European Union has adopted two harmonized directives on health and safety, known as ATEX 94/9/EC (also ATEX 95) and ATEX 99/92/EC (also ATEX 137). ATEX Directive 94/9/EC focuses on the essential safety requirements (SRSs) for products and protective systems for use in potentially explosive atmospheres and the respective conformity assessment procedures. ATEX Directive... 

Additional requirements for batteries in electric vehicles result from the legislation of the European Union, e.g. Essential Safety Requirements of the Machinery Directive . This results in requirements like battery marking and declaration of precise battery weight (because of the counterweight of the battery in forklift trucks). Ventilation is also required during vehicle operation due to residual gases after charging. 

These regulations require that no person should supply any gas appliance or fitting unless the appliance conforms to EC type examination and satisfies essential safety requirements listed in Schedule 3 of the regulations. Examples of some of these requirements are listed below ... 

ASTM F2761-09(2013). Medical Devices and Medical Systems - Essential safety requirements for equipment comprising the patient-centric integrated chnical environment (ICE) - Part 1 General requirements and conceptual model, http / /www.astm.org/... 

The essential safety requirements themselves are detailed and complex. Full details can be found at Annex B of the DTI guidance referenced belo w, and Annex 1 of the Machinery Directive (Council Directive 89/392/EEC), which is also reproduced as Schedule 3 to the Supply of AAachinery (Safety) Regulations 1992. 

To remedy this shortcoming, basic principles and requirements for the safety of research reactors and critical assemblies have been compiled in two Safety Standards, which present codes for the safety of nuclear research reactors, on design (for the first time) and on operation (Safety Series Nos 35-Sl and 35-S2). These codes, which supersede those of Safety Series No. 35 of 1984, also include the essential safety requirements for siting, quality assurance and regulatory control of research reactors. 

The Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations 1992 in the essential safety requirement to eliminate or reduce risks as far as possible. 

European Parliament The Environmental Protection Act 1990 Essential safety requirements European Union... 

In practice engineers and managers have to make choices on the type, quality and costs of the safety solutions available within the constraints imposed by the essential safety requirements. 

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