Escherichia coli genome size

An example of the former cloning strategy, outlined in Fig. 6.17, is provided by Rishi McManus (695), who have constructed a small, size-selected genomic DNA library in a plasmid vector of Escherichia coli using total DNA isolated from Echinococcus granulosus. Subsequent differential... 

Donachie WD, Blakely GW (2003) Coupling the initiation of chromosome replication to cell size in Escherichia coli. Curr Opin Microbiol 6 146-150 Doolittle WF, Sapienza C (1980) Selfish genes, the phenotype paradigm and genome evolution. Nature 284 601-603... 

Akman L, Rio RV, Beard CB, Aksoy S. Genome size determination and coding capacity of Sodalis glossinidius, an enteric symbiont of tsetse flies, as revealed by hybridization to Escherichia coli gene arrays. J. Bacteriol. 2001 183 4517-4525. Beard CB, O Neill SL, Mason P, Mandelco L, Woese CR, Tesh RB, Richards FF, Aksoy S. Genetic transformation and phylogeny of bacterial symbionts from tsetse. Insect Mol. Biol. 1993 1 123-131. 

The most highly developed genetic map is that of Escherichia coli K12, and it has recently been augmented with coarse [10] and fine [11] restriction maps. As the most nearly complete genetic map it can give us clues to structural features which may be functionally important, especially since some data exist on the effects of chromosomal rearrangements. This makes it a natural reference to which other maps of similar-sized genomes can be compared. 

A cell of the bacterium Escherichia coli has about 4.2 X 10 base pairs of DNA, whereas each human cell has about 3 x 10 base pairs of DNA. What percentage of the size of the human genome does the... 

Mycoplasmas differ from other prokaryotes by their lack of a cell wall. They are unable to produce even precursors of bacterial cell wall polymers, unlike L-forms of bacteria that can do so under the right environmental conditions. Their size is another distinguishing feature they are the smallest self-rephcating prokaryotes, with coccoid forms of only 0.3 pm diameter capable of reproduction. Their genome size is approximately one-sixth that of Escherichia coli. 

Pl-derived artificial chromosome. (PAC). One type of vector used to clone DNA fragments (100- to 300-kb insert size average, 150 kb) in Escherichia coli cells. Based on bacteriophage (a virus) PI genome. 

Yeast can stably maintain cloned sequences of at least 2 Mb (1), which is a size that includes many bacterial and archaeal genomes. (By contrast, the largest episomes in Escherichia coli are generally about 300 kb.) Yeast is a well-studied model organism that has a repertoire of well-defined, efficient tools that can be used for manipulation of cloned DNA. 

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