Escherichia coli bacteriophage

Tomato Agritrope/1996 5-Adenosylmethionine hydrolase Escherichia coli bacteriophage T3 Delayed fruit ripening due to reduced ethylene synthesis... 

The steroidal diamines, irehdiamine-A (244) (IDA) and malouetine (243) (MAL), exert an inhibiting action on the growth of bacteriophage T2 in infected cells of Escherichia coli. Bacteriophage-directed DNA synthesis is more sensitive to steroidal amine inhibition than RNA or protein synthesis, and it is proposed that DNA is the primary target of steroidal diamine action. 

Hydroxymethylcytosine (967) was isolated only in 1952 from the T-even bacteriophages of Escherichia coli, in which it occurs instead of cytosine in the 2-deoxyribonucleic acid (65MI21304). Of several syntheses described, the most convenient is probably that beginning with ethyl 4-amino-2-methylthiopyrimidine-5-carboxylate which is reduced by LAH to 4-amino-2-methylthiopyrimidin-5-ylmethanol followed by hydrolysis to 5-hydroxymethyl-cytosine (967) (B-68MI21302, B-68MI21306). 

Certain strains of Escherichia coli can be stimulated by irradiation with a moderate dose of ultraviolet (UV) light to stop normal growth and start producing bacteriophages that eventually lyse the bacterium. Bacteria of these so-called lysogenic strains carry the DNA of the phage integrated into their own... 

The renaturation rate of DNA is an excellent indicator of the sequence complexity of DNA. For example, bacteriophage T4 DNA contains about 2 X 10 nucleotide pairs, whereas Escherichia coli DNA possesses 4.64 X 10 . E. coli DNA is considerably more complex in that it encodes more information. Expressed another way, for any given amount of DNA (in grams), the sequences represented in an E. coli sample are more heterogeneous, that is, more dissimilar from one another, than those in an equal weight of phage T4 DNA. Therefore, it will take the E. coli DNA strands longer to find their complementary partners and reanneal. This situation can be analyzed quantitatively. 

All earlier studies [155-158] reported the complexation of berberine with calf thymus DNA and suggested by a mechanism of intercalation. Maiti and coworkers [159-162] demonstrated first the base- and sequence-specificity of berberine from studies with several naturally occurring DNAs (Clostridium perfringenes, cholera bacteriophage 02, calf thymus, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus lysodeikticus) and synthetic DNAs ((poly(dG-dC) poly(dG-dC), poly(dG)-poly(dC), poly(dA-dT) poly(dA-dT), poly(dA)-poly(dT)) using various physicochemical techniques. Several aspects of the interaction were reported ... 

Madonna, A. J. Van Cuyk, S. Voorhees, K. J. Detection of Escherichia coli using immunomagnetic separation and bacteriophage amplification coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Comm. Mass Spectrom. 2003,17, 257-263. 

Strauch, E. Schaudinn, C. Beutin, L. First-time isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage encoding the Shiga toxin 2c variant, which is globally spread in strains of Escherichia coli 0157. Infect. Immun. 2004,72, 7030-7039. 

Goodridge, L. Chen, J. Griffiths, M. Development and characterization of a fluorescent-bacteriophage assay for detection of Escherichia coli 0157 H7. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 1999, 65,1397-1404. 

Classification of bacterial viruses In the bacterial viruses, a formal classification scheme is rarely used. Rather, each bacterial virus is designated in terms of its principal bacterial host, followed by an arbitrary alphanumeric. Thus, we speak of T4 virus of Escherichia coli or P22 virus of Salmonella typhimurium. An overview of some of the major types of bacterial viruses is given later. We should note, however, that although a bacterial virus may be designated in reference to its principal host, the actual host range of the virus may be broader. Thus, bacteriophage Mu, generally studied with Escherichia coli, also infects Citrobacter and Salmonella. 

Bacteriophage T7 Bacteriophage T7 and its close relative T3 are relatively small DNA viruses that infect Escherichia coli. (Some strains of Shigella and Pasteurella are also hosts for phage T7.) The virus particle has an icosahedral head and a very small tail. The virus particle is fairly complex, with S different proteins in the head and 3-6 different proteins in the tail. One tail protein, the tail fiber protein, is the means by which the virus particle attaches to the bacterial cell surface. Only female cells of Escherichia coli can be infected with T7 male cells can be infected but the multiplication process is terminated during the latent period. 

Wang,J., Hofnung, M., and Charbit, A. (2000). The C-terminal portion of the tail fiber protein of bacteriophage lambda is responsible for binding to LamB, its receptor at the surface of Escherichia coli K-12./. Bacteriol. 182, 508-512. 

Wong, T. P., Byappanahalli, M., Yoneyama, B., and Ray, C. (2008). An evaluation of the mobility of pathogen indicators, Escherichia coli and bacteriophage MS-2, in a highly weathered tropical soil under unsaturated conditions. ]. Water ELealth 6,131-140. 

Escherichia coli (strain B [28] overproducing strain JM83(pKT8P3) [31] infected and uninfected [32] infected by bacteriophage T4, host-coded enzyme from infected E. coli is part of bacteriophage T4 dNTP-synthesiz-ing multi-enzyme complex [25]) [25, 28, 31, 32]... 

Escherichia coli (strain 201 infected with bacteriophage T4amBL292, a maturation defective phage mutant, host-coded activity which is a component of T4 dNTP-synthesizing enzyme complex [2]) [2]... 

Heinemann, B. Howard, A.J. (1964) Induction of lambda-bacteriophage in Escherichia coli as a screening test for potential antitumor agents. Appl. Microbiol., 12, 234-239... 

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