Environmental parameters, optimization

The PMV index can be used to check whether a given thermal environment complies with specified comfort criteria and to establish requirements for different levels of acceptability. By setting PMV = 0, an equation is established that predicts combinations of activity, clothing, and environmental parameters that will provide a thermally neutral sensation. Figure 6.1 shows the optimal operative temperature as a function of activity and clothing for different levels of acceptability. 

For the establishment of the realistic limit, one has to take account of the rates of processes in which mass, heat, momentum, and chemical energy are transferred. In this so-called finite-time, finite-size thermodynamics, it is usually possible to establish optimal conditions for operating the process, namely, with a minimum, but nonzero, entropy generation and loss of work. Such optima seem to be characterized by a universal principle equiparti-tioning of the process s driving forces in time and space. The optima may eventually be shifted by including economic and environmental parameters such as fixed and variable costs and emissions. For this aspect, we refer to Chapter 13. 

Mudhoo, A. and Mohee, R. 2006. Sensitivity analysis and parameter optimization of a heat loss model for a composting system. Journal of Environmental Informatics, 8 100-10. 

HT formulation design and optimization. The simultaneous response (water sorption, crystallization, etc.) of the array of formulations to environmental parameters was studied. 

Gelfi and Righetti (1983) performed a thorough study on the optimization of environmental parameters (I, gel thickness, pH gradient width) for maximizing protein loads in Immobiline matrices. These aspects are summarized in Fig. 24. By increasing the ionic strength of the gel from... 

The objective is to predict corrosion initiation time for various cases using SimCorr . In this simulation, chloride is assumed present at the surface at aU times. The model simulations are used to determine corrosion initiation time and reinforcing steel rebar life in the deck and cap beam of the bridge. SimCorr can be used to predict corrosion initiation time as a function of stmctural and environmental parameters, estimate structure life, design concrete mixes, and geometry based on Hfetime calculations and optimize corrosion protection system as a function of surrounding conditions. SimCorr also serves as a tool for evaluation of chloride transport and underlying concrete corrosion. The simulation software is based on the first principles model described in [77]. 

In this study, Software LibSVM 2.8.2 (Chang Lin, 2006), a widely used SVM software library, was employed for the SVM analyses. The environmental parameters were derived and rasterized in Geography Information System (GIS). And a series of functions convenient for data transferring, optimal parameter searching, random sampling, were also be developed by authors. 

Driss, M.R. and Bouguerra, M.L. Analysis of volatile organic compounds in water by purge and trap and gas chromatographic techniques. Operational parameters optimization of the purge step. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry 1991,45,193-204. 

Several findings support this model. For instance, an early report suggested that there is a positive correlation between the density of (postsynaptic) jS-adrenoceptors in rat cortex and behavioural resistance to a mild environmental stress (novelty and frustration) but a negative correlation between these parameters when the stress is intensified (Stanford and Salmon 1992). More recently, it has been proposed that the phasic response of neurons in the locus coeruleus (which governs attentiveness ) depends on their tonic activity (which determines arousal). Evidence suggests that the relationship between these two parameters is described by a bell-shaped curve and so an optimal phasic response is manifest only at intermediate levels of tonic activity (Rajkowski et al. 1998). 

Remediation optimization uses defined approaches to improve the effectiveness and efficiency with which an environmental remedy reaches its stated goals. Optimization approaches might include third-party site-wide optimization evaluations conducted by expert teams, the use of mathematical tools to determine optimal operating parameters or monitoring networks, or the consideration of emerging technologies. Since 1999, U.S. EPA has promoted remediation optimization in the following manner ... 

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