Entactogens

Thus, for this class of psychoactive agent, prehminary structure-activity relationships are being formulated. Currently, four structural features eontrast the structure-activity relationships of entactogens with those of hallueinogenie amphetamines. 

Ring substitution at only the 3,4- positions does not give active hallueinogens, except for MDA. However, this substitution is active for entactogenic agents. 

N-methylation greatly attenuates hallucinogenic activity, but has no significant effect on potency of entactogens. N-ethylation also seems to allow compounds to retain entactogenic activity. 

The more active stereochemistry of the entactogens is S, while that of the hallucinogenic amphetamines is R. 

Extension of the alpha-methyl to an alpha-ethyl abolishes hallucinogenic activity, but has only a minor effect on entactogens. 

At the present time, a variety of other pharmaeological agents are being tested for their ability either to antagonize or to potentiate the effect of MDMA in these animals. There is hope that appropriate pharmacological manipulations will eventually be found that will give useful information about the mechanism of action for entactogens. 

Although the problem of MDMA abuse has generated great interest because of MDMA s potential neurotoxicity, it is possible that nonneurotoxic entactogens can be developed. As in most areas of technology, this is a... 

Undoubtedly, nonneurotoxic entactogens can and will be discovered. Sufficient evidence already exists to support this hypothesis. We know, for example, from the work of Schechter (1986) that the discriminative stimulus properties of MDMA are largely dissipated within 4 hours of drug administration. On the other hand, Schmidt (1987) has shown that MDMA... 

Nichols, DE. Differences between the mechanisms of action of MDMA, MBDB, and the classical hallucinogens. Identification of a new therapeutic class Entactogens. J Psychoactive Drugs 18 305-313, 1986. 

Amphetamine and methamphetamine possess an essentially pure psychostimulant effect however, substituted derivatives in position 3 and 4 on benzene ring are defined as entactogene [14], This class of substances includes methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), methylenedioxyethyl-amphetamine (MDEA), and others such as the /V-melhyl-l-(3-4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB), methoxymethylenedioxyam-phetamine (MMDA) (Fig. 4). All of these substances are more active in the d form. There are also amphetamine-like substances which combine sympathomimetic (euphoric) and hallucinogen effects they are primary amines, trisubstituted on the benzene ring, that produce effects similar to mescaline. Among these the 2,5-dime-thoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM) is the most important. 

Entactogene and hallucinogenic amphetamines, furthermore, have an effect on the serotonin system by increasing the availability of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that controls sleep, mood, emotion, memory, perception, sexual behavior, and hunger [14],... 

Entactogen A compound which encourages physical contact. 

Entactogens are a unique class of substances. They have been successfully used by rape victims, couples counseling and victims of terrorism. Unfortunately, these medications are only available thru illegal channels. No companies are willing to develope medications which are listed in schedule 1. 

Patients continue to be drugged with chronic addictive medications as pharmaceutical firms profit from our suffering. Cocaine and ecstacy are at an all time low price. People interesting in developing medications and researching the entactogen series (legally) have been terrorized by law enforcement for money, with federal prosecutors in complicity. 

Scientific inquisitiveness has always been regarded as corner stone of our great democracy. The entactogens offer hope for many patients. It is important that research continues in the development of safe and effective entactogens... 

Entactogen — Improves communicative contact among participants... 

These important products are not all synthetic. The oral consumption of 5-30 g nutmeg will produce hallucinogenic and entactogenic effects. The two constituents elemicine and myristicine (see Fig. 6-1) are converted by transamination in the liver to 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine and MMDA [15]. 

Methyl-1 -(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-butanamine MBDB Nearly pure entactogen without hallucinosis or sympathomimetic stimulation. 

Anal. (C14H22CIN02) C,H. The reduction of this ketone in a similar manner with ethylamine hydrochloride produced 2-ethylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)hexane (ETHYL-L). None of this series has yet been explored either as psychedelic or entactogenic materials. 

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