End-life indicators

Wearable technologies for personal protective equipment embedded textile monitoring sensors, power and data transmission, end-life indicators... 

Vermeersch, O.G., Begriche, A., Decaens, J., Mlynarek, J., 2013. Wearable technologies for PPE power and data transmission, environment monitoring, temperature, alarms, embedded textile sensors, end-life indicators. In 3rd International Conference of Engineering Against Failure (ICEAF III). 

End-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) A warning system that alerts a respirator user that the cartridge or canister is approaching the end of its usefulness. 

There are two types of fluoride lon-selective electrodes available [27] Onon model 96-09-00, a combination fluoride electrode, and model 94-09-00, which requires a reference electrode The author prefers to use Onon model 94-09-00 because it has a longer operational life and is less expensive When an electrode fails, the reference electrode is usually less expensive to replace The Fisher Accumet pH meter, model 825 MP, automatically computes and corrects the electrode slope It gives a direct reading for pH, electrode potential, and concentra tion in parts per million The fluoride lon-specific electrode can be used for direct measurement [2S, 29] or for potenPometric titration with Th" or nitrate solutions, with the electrode as an end point indicator... 

End-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) means a system that warns the respirator user of the approach ofthe end of adequate respiratory protection,forexample,thatthe sorbent is approaching saturation or is no longer effective. 

The respirator is equipped with an end-of-service-life indicator (ESLI) certified by NIOSH for the contaminant or... 

Among the various categories of smart textiles and flexible materials, which include optically, mechanically, chemically, electrically, and thermally activated substances/ stmctures (Tao, 2001), several have shown large opportunities of applications in PPE. This includes wearable electronics, for example, physiological condition, temperature, and humidity sensors, power and data transmitters, and end-of-life indicators, which are the subject of the next chapter of this book. Various types of smart flexible materials have also found their way into PPE, for instance, as responsive barriers, self-decontaminating membranes, thermoregulating layers, and shock-absorbing patches. 

Can only be used (1) against gas and vapor contaminants with adequate warning properties, or (2) for specific gases or vapors provided that the service is known and a safety factor is applied ofr if the unit has an ESLI (end-of-service-life indicator)... 

Can end of service life indicators (ESLI) be used under all workplace conditions ... 

Enclosed laser device any laser or laser system located within an enclosure that does not permit hazardous optical radiation emission from the enclosure End-effector an accessory device or tool specifically designed for attachment to the robot wrist or tool mounting plate to enable the robot to perform its intended task End-of-service-life indicator a system that warns the respirator user of the approach of the end of adequate respiratory protection... 

Establishment of a cartridge change schedule when gas and/or vapor respirators that do not have end-of-service-life indicators are used... 

End-of-Service-Life Indicator Fibers per cubic centimeter of air Federal Emergency Management Agency Flame Ionization Detector... 

Once the crosslinker is added, it is important to apply the adhesive and dry off the water. Most of the commonly used crosslinkers will react with water over a period of time and lose effectiveness. In some two-component PUD s, the system may increase in viscosity and even gel, giving the user some idea of when the useful life of the crosslinker is approaching its end. In other instances, no viscosity increases or other visible indications signal that the crosslinker has reached the end of its useful life. The improvements in physical properties, solvent resistance, and water resistance normally provided by a crosslinked PUD adhesive would not be fully realized, in this case. 

The people who use the designed product expect it to be properly designed to perform satisfactorily in the intended environment for the indicated life, without endangering any person or becoming functionally useless before the end of the predicted life. This, of course, implies that the user does not abuse the product and maintains it properly. It is the responsibility of the designer to provide the user with sufficient information so that one can intelligently use the product and properly maintain it. No product can be guaranteed to perform properly if it is abused. 

Food additives (like color additives) can be added at various processing stages, but the additions are commonly made at the latest production stage before final marketing to ensure optimal functionality of the additive in the product as sold. Residues of additives used at earlier production stages may be present still in the final formulation. However, if they do not have further functions at that stage, they are considered process aids (to help preparation but without technological effects in the finished product) and are not indicated on labels. Some additives also decompose over time so that the levels present at the end of shelf life may be quite low. Several techniques and information sources can be used to assess contamination levels of chemicals ... 

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