Enamel and decorations

Motolese A, Truzzi M, Giannini A, Seidenari S (1995) Contact dermatitis and contact sensitization among enamellers and decorators in the ceramics industry. Contact Dermatitis 28 59-62... 

Finishes for aluminum products can be both decorative and useful. Processes in use include anodic oxidation, chemical conversion coating, electrochemical graining, electroplating (qv), thin film deposition, porcelain enameling, and painting. Some alloys respond better than others to such treatments. 

Enameling meets decorative as weU as protective requirements. Ceramic enamels are mainly based on alkaH borosiHcate glasses. The part to be enameled is dipped into or sprayed with a sHp, ie, a water suspension of glass fragments called frit. The sHp coating is dried and fused in an enameling furnace under careful heat control (see Enamels, porcelain or vitreous). 

Tin(lV) oxide occurs in nature as mineral cassiterite. It is used to make specialty glasses, in manufacturing enamels and pottery, for pohshing glass marbles, metals and decorative stones, as a mordant in dyeing and printing textiles, in perfumes, and nail pohshes. 

Polyphenylsilsesquioxane varnishes are used as binding agents for heat-resistant, protective and decorative enamels. To increase low adhesion, which is characteristic of silicone varnishes, enamels are often supplemented with various organic modifiers, pigments and fillers used in the vamish-and-paint industry. 

THE glorious medieval stained-glass windows of European cathedrals have been the subject of several chemical analyses to support conservation projects, to identify workshops and their practices, and to attempt the association of colors with specific metal ions in various oxidation states. However, little information of this sort has been generated from the beautifully decorated, enameled, and gilded copper ecclesiastical objects used in medieval cathedrals that are recognized under the generic name of Limoges enamels. 

Coating. A generic term of paints, lacquers, enamels, and the like. Also a liquid composition, which is converted to a solid protective, decorative, or functional adherent film after application as a thin layer. 

Protective and decorative enamels, solder glasses for glass-to-glass or glass-to-metal seals, and a variety of sintered glass products are made from finely crushed ground glass... 

Use Primers, lacquers, and enamels metal decorating automotive coatings furniture finishes architectural enamels , inks. 

Glazes for ceramic bodies and porcelain enamels for metallic substrates are coatings that are applied to these surfaces with a variety of purposes chemical inertness, zero permeability to liquids and gases, cleanability, smoothness and resistance to abrasion and scratching, mechanical strength, and decorative and aesthetic considerations [12]. 

Since aluminium is subject to attack by strong acids and alkalis it is frequently coated or lacquered. The aluminium surface is receptive to lacquers, inks and enamels, enabling components to be protected internally and decorated externally. 

Products of the coatings industry—paints, varnishes, lacquers, enamels, chemical coatings, maintenance finishes, and other products both basic and sophisticated—have been used to protect, decorate, and provide functional properties to a host of surfaces and objects. The leveraged value of coatings is exemplified by the contribution of corrosion-resistant primers and of protective and decorative topcoats to the long life of structures, such as buildings and bridges, and to the appearance and durability of automobiles and appliances. 

Turpentine and turpene derivatives oil of turpentine, Indonesian turpentine has been shown to cause problems (Lear et al. 1996) rather than Portuguese turpentine, alpha-pinene, delta-3-car-ene, turpentine peroxide. The turpentines are used during the enamelling or decoration or china. Turpentine and paraffin are used commonly to clean moulds and presses and operators may immerse their hands in paraffin to do this. 

Ceramics in Recreation There are many ceramic articles on which an artist can work. Some of them are pottery, decorating, enameling, and glass blowing. 

---