Cathedrals, medieval

The windows in some medieval cathedrals show greater thickness at the bottom than at the top, owing to the slow flow of the glass under the influence of gravity. 

Clusters of metal atoms can form colloidal suspensions. Colloidal clusters of copper, silver, and gold in glass are responsible for some of the vivid colors of stained glass in medieval cathedrals. Even aqueous suspensions of metal clusters are known (Fig. 8.45). 

The age of the cloth was ascertained in 1988 when the Vatican (which has jurisdiction over Turin Cathedral) allowed a small piece of the cloth to be analysed by radiocarbon dating. By this means, the shroud was found to date from ad 1320 65. Even after taking account of the uncertainty of 65 years, the age of the shroud is consistent with the idea of a medieval forgery. It cannot be genuine. 

Figure 5.11 Plot of 87Sr/86Sr vs eNd for some examples of English Medieval cathedral window glass. (Wilson, Pollard and Evans unpublished data key in Table 5.4)...

God could see it, of course. In medieval cathedrals many wonderful capitals are so high up that nobody can see the details without binoculars, which were not invented when they were built. But since God could see them ft didn t matter. The Wobegonians do not seem to have had the same religious fervor. 

THE glorious medieval stained-glass windows of European cathedrals have been the subject of several chemical analyses to support conservation projects, to identify workshops and their practices, and to attempt the association of colors with specific metal ions in various oxidation states. However, little information of this sort has been generated from the beautifully decorated, enameled, and gilded copper ecclesiastical objects used in medieval cathedrals that are recognized under the generic name of Limoges enamels. 

As such, they thus comprise the complete, total and absolute sum of what we call the doctrines of Hermes immutable in their principles (if not always in their application). So it is with wisdom that those who, both spiritually and occultly, guided the hands of the Medieval builders, and associated them, these mysterious guardians of the Threshold , to the esoteric symbolism of the triple entrance to the Cathedrals. 

An experienced outsider will bring a wealth of experience and knowledge from all the other analyses and evaluations in which he or she has participated. This fund of experience provides an invaluable basis for challenging the status quo and coming up with fresh insights. External hazards analysis leaders move from project to project, in the same way that medieval masons moved from cathedral to cathedral, taking their experience and skills with them. 

Actually, the so-called tin disease has been known for centuries. In the unheated cathedrals of medieval Europe, organ pipes made of tin were found to crumble as a result of the allotropic transition from white tin to gray tin. It is puzzling, therefore, that Napoleon, a great believer in keeping his troops fit for battle, would permit the use of tin for buttons. The tin story, if... 

Simson, O. G. von (1956) The Gothic Cathedral Origins of Gothic Architecture and the Medieval Concept of Order. New York, Harper Row. 

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