Emotional stimuli

Barrot, M., Olivier, J.D., Perrotti, L.I. et al. CREB activity in the nucleus accumbens shell controls gating of behavioral responses to emotional stimuli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 11435, 2002. 

The hard rightward slant reveals the heart-ruled, moody, impulsive person. The farther the writing slants to the right, the more this person is subject to emotional stimuli. This writer naturally relates to people s emotions and has a constant need for affection. He can be very expressive with his emotions and relates to others easily. 

The medial and caudal portions of the midbody of the CC contain interhemispheric projections from the auditory cortices, posterior cingulate, retrosplenial cortex, and insula, and somatosensory and visual cortices to a lesser extent. It also includes connections from the inferior parietal lobe to the contralateral superior temporal sulcus, cingulate, and parahippocampal gyrus (Pandya and Seltzer, 1986). Several of the regions with interhemispheric projections through the medial and caudal portions of the midbody of the CC are involved in the processing of emotional stimuli and various memory functions—core disturbances frequently observed in children with a history of early trauma. 

Several lines of evidence support the neurotrophic hypothesis. Animal and human studies indicate that stress and pain are associated with a drop in BDNF levels and that this loss of neurotrophic support contributes to atrophic structural changes in the hippocampus and perhaps other areas such as the medial frontal cortex and anterior cingulate. The hippocampus is known to be important both in contextual memory and regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Likewise, the anterior cingulate plays a role in the integration of emotional stimuli and attention functions, whereas the medial orbital frontal cortex is also thought to play a role in memory, learning, and emotion. 

Smolka MN, Schumann G, Wrase J, Grusser SM, Flor H, Mann K. et al. 2005. Catechol-O-methyltransferase vall58-met genotype affects processing of emotional stimuli in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. J Neurosci 25 836-842. 

Hariri AR, Tessitore A, Mattay VS, Fera F, Weinberger DR (2002) The amygdala response to emotional stimuli a comparison of faces and scenes. Neuroimage 17 317-323. 

Renthal W et al (2007) Histone deacetylase 5 epigenetically controls behavioral adaptations to chronic emotional stimuli. Neuron 56(3) 517-529... 

This correlates nicely with an FA/AB slanted writer. Those people tend to sort by self. However, the DE/E+ is not always others sorters, they just are very receptive to other s emotional stimuli. This metaprogram is difficult to define and utilize beyond the typical self-centered or not self-centered labels. 

These drugs block the catecholamine-induced increase in heart rate. Therefore, little effect is seen on resting heart rate. The major decrease is seen in tachycardia induced by exercise or emotional stimuli. 

The apocrine secretion and the resultant odor is a normal response to emotional stimuli. Dehydroeplandrosterone, which is present in the apocrine secretion, also has been reported to increase in urine in individuals under stress (62). Thus, a sensitive method for monitoring of the activity of the apocrine gland could provide information relative to the emotional state of an individual. 

Bermpohl, F., Pascual-Leone, A., Amedi, A. et al. 2006. Dissociable networks for the expectancy and perception of emotional stimuli in the human brain. Neuroimaee 30(2) 588-600. 

Participants were exposed to brief, subliminal presentations of pictures of facial expressions depicting happy, neutral, or angry emotions. Participants were then asked to rate their feelings on several scales and to pour, drink, and rate a beverage. The results demonstrated that subliminally presented emotional stimuli could cause affective reactions that could alter consumption behaviour, without eliciting conscious feelings. 

The common association of sympathoadrenal and pituitary adrenocortical activity in stress has suggested that catecholamines play a special role in regulating ACTH secretion. Several theories have been proposed through the years to explain this relationship. These included (a) Long s concept (l952) that emotional stimuli activate the hypothalamus which in turn stimulates the adrenal medulla via the spinal cord and splanchnic nerves, and the subsequently released epinephrine stimulates the release of ACTH ... 

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