Emigration

Cyril Stanley Smith (1903-1992) (Fig. 14.2) was a British-born metallurgist who studied at Birmingham University and then emigrated to the United States as a young man, took a doctorate at MIT, and spent 16 years as a successful researcher... 

Henry emigrated to Arizona with his parents in 1912, when the Mexican revolution broke out Many years later, he became a U.S. citizen, appearing before a judge who had just naturalized Albert Einstein. 

Marie and Irene Curie, and their husbands, Pierre Curie and Frederic Joliot. Marie Curie (1867-1934) was born Maria Sklodowska in Warsaw, Poland, then a part of the Russian empire. In 1891 she emigrated to Paris to study at the Sorbonne, where she met and married a French physicist, Pierre Curie (1859-1906). The Curies were associates of Henri Becquerel, the man who discovered that uranium salts are radioactive. They showed that thorium, like uranium, is radioactive and that the amount of radiation emitted is directly proportional to the amount of uranium or thorium in the sample. 

Good clean fun it s not, and that will always make me scratch my head about places like Minnesota, where what becomes dangerous on the coasts could in reality be imports from the heartland, as waves of young professionals continue to emigrate to Los Angeles and New York, bringing their cocktail habits with them. 

The intention at Wolf s is to make it an upscale deli, as Mr. Scotto put it, an idea that might strike Wolf s regulars as making as much sense as a downscale Hotel Plaza. You still get a bowl of pickles and a bowl of coleslaw on the table with every meal. You still get tiny red-haired women, folded over like wallets, eating dinner at four in the afternoon. This is a cosmopolitan crowd, as in emigre, not as in Sarah Jessica Parker. 

In the very early phases of the acute inflammatory response most of the cells invading the damaged area are polymorphonuclear neutrophils, also denoted as PMNs, which serve as initial line of defense and source of proinflammatory cytokines. These cells, which usually live for 4-5 days, circulate in the blood until they are attracted by chemokines into injured tissues. Whereas physical injury does not recruit many neutrophils, infections with bacteria or fungi elicit a striking neutrophil response. The characteristic pus of a bacterial abscess is composed mainly of apoptotic (apoptosis) and necrotic PMNs. Emigration of neutrophils from the blood starts with a process denoted as margination where neutrophils come to lie at the periphery of flowing blood cells and adhere to endothelial cells (Fig. 1). L-Selectin is expressed... 

Inflammation. Figure 1 Sequence of events in the recruitment of leukocytes in postcapillary venules adjacent to injured tissue. At the site of lesion, diverse reactive substances stimulate the endothelium to produce inflammatory cytokines, chemoattractants and other inflammatory mediators. The cytokine-activated endothelium expresses adhesion molecules that lead to the low affinity interactions between leukocytes and endothelium, which is mediated by selectins and described as rolling. Subsequently integrins mediate the firm adhesion of leukocytes, which allows emigration of the cells from venules into the interstitial compartment. Activated mast cells, PMNs and macrophages secrete cytokines (TNFa), lipid mediators (LTB4) and other inflammatory players (histamine, NO). 

Potential impacts of contaminants on habitat are reductions in cover and quality. The loss of preferred habitat may leave animals more susceptible to predation and disease. Loss of reproductive habitat may result in fewer animals reproducing in a given season or exposing the young to increased predation. For some animal populations, then, habitat changes may lead to decreased reproduction, increased mortality, and increased emigration. 

When individuals migrate to, and then breed in a new location, they may add new alleles to a population or may change the frequencies of alleles already present. Similarly, emigrants may remove alleles or may change the frequencies of alleles in the populations from which they departed. 

Ueno T, Hara K, Willis MS, et al. Role for CCR7 ligands in the emigration of newly generated T lymphocytes from the neonatal thymus. Immunity 2002 16 205-218. 

Allende ML, Dreier JL, Mandala S, Proia RL. Expression of the sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor, S1P1, on T-cells controls thymic emigration. J Biol Chem 2004 279 15396-401. 

Springer TA. Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration the multistep paradigm. Cell 1994 76 301-314. 

Serbina NV, Pamer EG. Monocyte emigration from bone marrow during bacterial infection requires signals mediated by chemokine receptor CCR2. Nat Immunol 2006 7(3) 311-317. 

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