Electrospinning Routes

Royal Society of Chemistry.) (d) TEM image of silica nanotubes after calcination at 600 °C for 2 h. (e) Schematic illustration of the phase separation mechanism for the formation of the nanotube structure. (Reprinted 

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Metallic Ni nanofibers were also synthesized via an electrospinning route and were used for improved magnetic properties [35] (Figure 13.3d). First, 20 wt% nickel(II) acetate tetrahydrate (NiAc) and 10wt% PVA (Mw = 65000gmor ), which were dissolved in distilled water, were mixed at a weight ratio of 1 3. The mixed solution was heated to 50 °C and stirred for 5h. NiAc/PVA composite fibers were obtained by the electrospirming of the prepared solution and were... 

Wang L, Yang S, Wang J, Wang C, Chen L (2011) Fabrication of superhydrophobic TPU film for oil-water separation based on electrospinning route. Mater Lett 65(5) 869-872, doi http // dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2010.12.024... 

A novel route to pure and composite fibers of polypyrrole was recently reported by Han and Shi [42]. An organic salt (FeAOT) was synthesized by the reaction of sodium l,4-bis(2-ethyUiexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT) and ferric chloride. It was fabricated into nanofibers by manual drawing and electrospinning. Long PPy fibers were obtained for the first time by a vapor deposition reaction of pyrrole on the FeAOT fibers, and this technique was extended to the synthesis of PPy composite fibers with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PPy-MWCNT fibers). The PPy and PPy-MWCNT fibers had a nanoporous morphology, a conductivity of 10-15 S cm and a tensile strength of 12—43 MPa. Studies of the electrochemistry and current-voltage characteristics of the PPy fibers were also reported. 

In the following section, the three major routes most frequently explored and nsed for the deposition and creation of piezoelectric materials/piezoelectric textile stmctures are discussed. These include the electrochemical deposition of zinc oxide piezoelectric structures, electrospinning, and finally conventional melt-spinning, followed by two- and three-dimensional weaving. 

Solcova 0., Balkan T, Guler Z., Morozova M. A, Dytrych R, and Sarac A. S., New preparation route of TiOj nanofibers by electrospinning spectroscopic and thermal characterizations, Sci. Adv. Mater., 2014,6, 12,2618-2624. 

Scientists have fabricated scaffolds in a two-step approach that combines an in situ coprecipitation synthesis route with the electrospinning process to prepare a novel type of biomimetic nanocomposite nanofibres of HA/CHT. The electrospun composite nanofibres of HA/CHT, with compositional and structural features close to the natural mineralised nanofibril counterparts, are of potential interest for bone TE. The results of HA/CHT indicate that although an initial inhibition occurs, the nanofibrous scaffolds which contained HA, as compared to scaffolds of CHT alone, appeared to have significantly stimulated the bone forming ability as shown by the cell proliferation, mineral deposition, and morphological observations, due to the excellent osteoconductivity of HA [19, 34, 56, 70]. 

Finally, starting from the opinion [5] that today we cannot be happy with the mechanical performance of polymer composites reinforced with nano-sized fillers of various origins, new routes to create polymeric materials with improved properties have to be researched in addition to attempts to overcome the disadvantages. An attractive alternative in this respect seems to be the preparation of polymers themselves as nano-sized materials, as, for example, electrospinning does. 

Electrospinning is a low cost, versatile route for the preparation of fibrous polymer mats, where fibres have diameters in the nanometre to micrometre range.Polymer fibres with a variety of physical and chemical properties can be produced by this method from both naturaP and synthetic polymers. 

In Part Two, Chapter 4 describes a general fabrication-characterization route of electrospinning PLA poly(s-caprolactone) (PCL)/HNT composite fibers. The effects of HNTs with or without the modifier 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane on fiber diameter, morphological structure, thermal properties, crystalline stmctures, and degree of crys-talhnity, as well as the intermolecular interaction of electrospun nanocomposite fibers, are thoroughly studied to provide the appropriate guidance to the controlled drug release associated with fibrous structures. Chapter 5 deals with the synthesis and characterization of CNT hybrid fillers via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique for polymer nanocomposites. Optimized synthesis parameters are presented and comparative studies are also conducted between chemical hybrid-filled and physical hybrid-fiUed polymer nanocomposites in terms of their typical applications. 

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