Fabrication and characterization

Jeoung E., Galow T.H., Schotter J., Bal M., Ursache A., Tuominen M.T., Stafford C.M., Russell T.P., and Rotello V.M. Fabrication and characterization of naoelectrode arrays formes via block copolymers self-assembly, Langmuir, 17, 6396, 2001. 

Wang H, Yi-Nong Lu, Jun-Jie J, Hong-Yuan C (2003) Sonochemical fabrication and characterization of stibnite nanorods. Inorg Chem 42 6404—6411... 

Choi, Y., Umebayashi, T., and Yoshikawa, M. (2004) Fabrication and characterization of C-doped anatase Ti02 photocatalysts. Journal of Materials Science, 39 (5), 1837-1839. 

This chapter reviews recent work on the fabrication and characterization of bio-inorganic nanomaterials based on organically functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate materials. We begin with the general procedures used to synthesize and characterize these organodays (Section 8.2), and then describe how higher-order... 

The fabrication and characterization of a fiber optic pH sensor based on evanescent wave absorption was presented by Lee63. The unclad portion of a multi-mode optical fibre was coated with the sol-gel doped with pH sensitive dye. The sensitivity of the device increased when the multiple sol-gel coatings were used in the sensing region. The dynamic range and the temporal response of the sensor were investigated for two different dyes -bromocresol purple and bromocresol green. 

Sharma N.K., Gupta B.D., Fabrication and characterization of pH sensor based on side polished single mode optical fiber, Opt. Comm. 2003 216 299-303. 

P. He and M. Bayachou, Layer-by-layer fabrication and characterization of DNA-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotube particles. Langmuir 21, 6086-6092 (2005). 

The development of new polyanhydrides has sparked researchers to developed new device fabrication and characterization techniques, instrumentation, and experimental and mathematical models that can be extended to the study of other systems. The growing interest in developing new chemistries and drug release systems based on polyanhydrides promises a rich harvest of new applications and drug release technologies, as well as new characterization techniques that can be extended to other materials. Future endeavors will likely focus on multicomponent polyanhydride systems, combining new chemical functionalities to tailor polyanhydrides for specific applications. 

The area of complex condensed matter depends crucially on the availability of appropriate tools for both fabrication and characterization. These tools are of intermediate size they are neither a test tube nor a synchrotron. Typical tools— scanning probe microscopes, x-ray photoelectron spectrometers, electron microscopes, clean rooms—cost from 0.1 million to 5 million. They are shared-use facilities, but they must be local to the user group—travel to distance facilities for routine measurements is not practical. 

The fabrication and characterization of atomic metal contacts have been based mainly on electro-deposition/dissolution [182] and break junction techniques (see review [134] and literatures cited therein). In particular, gold nanocontacts have been studied in great detail, due to the chemical inertness of the material, the malleability and ductility of gold. The processes of formation, evolution, and breaking of gold atomic contacts leads to step-like features in the current-distance curves [188, 189]. The abrupt changes in the current (conductance) response were... 

The OFRR fabrication and characterization are the same as for direct pumped lasers. The dye mixture in methanol is passed through the OFRR at a flow rate of 10 pL/min. For OFRR FRET lasers, the donor is excited under the same conditions as in the direct pump case. 

Sammes NM and Du Y. Fabrication and characterization of tubular solid oxide fuel cells. Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol. 2007 4 89-102. 

Stein EW, Grant PS, Zhu H, McShane MJ (2007) Microscale enzymatic optical biosensors using mass transport limiting nanofilms. 1. Fabrication and characterization using glucose as a model analyte. Anal Chem 79 1339-1348... 

Jiang, L. and L. Gao, Fabrication and characterization of carbon nanotube-titanium nitride composites with enhanced electrical and electrochemical properties. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2006. 89(1) p. 156-161. 

Kim, Y. S., Wang, R, Hickner, M., Zawodzinski, T. A. and McGrath, J. E. 2003. Fabrication and characterization of heteropolyacid (H3PWJ2O4Q)/directly polymerized sulfonated polyjarylene ether sulfone) copolymer composite membranes for higher temperature fuel cell applications. Journal of Membrane Science 2112 263-282. 

A. Sure, T. Dillon, J. Murakowski, C. Lin, D. Pustai, and D.W. Prather, "Fabrication and characterization of three-dimensional silicon tapers," Optics Express 11, 3555-3561 (2003). 

Kolipaka S, Aithal RK, Kuila D (2006) Fabrication and characterization of an indium tin oxide-octadecanethiol-aluminum junction for molecular electronics. Appl Phys Lett 88 (23) 233104-233113... 

Nakanishi T, Ohtani B, Uosaki K (1998) Fabrication and characterization of CdS-nanoparticle mono- and multilayers on a self-assembled monolayer of alkanedithiols on gold. J Phys Chem B 102 1571-1577... 

M.A.T. Gilmartin and J.P. Hart, Fabrication and characterization of a screen-printed, disposable, amperometric cholesterol biosensor, Analyst, 119 (1994) 2331-2336. 

N.G. Patel, A. Erlenkotter, K. Camman and G.C. Chemnitius, Fabrication and characterization of disposable type lactate oxidase sensors for dairy products and clinical analysis, Sens. Actuators B, 67 (2000) 134-141. 

Wilke, N., et al. 2004. Fabrication and characterization of microneedle electrode arrays using wet etch technologies. Abstract presented at EMN04, Paris. 

Doms M, Muller J. Design, fabrication, and characterization of a micro vapor-jet vacuum pump. Journal of Fluids Engineering 2007, 129, 1339-1345. 

D. J. Wold and C. D. Frisbie, Fabrication and characterization of metal-molecule-metal junctions by conducting probe atomic force microscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123, 5549-5556 (2001). 

Yasukawa, T., Ikeya, T. Matsuse, T. Fabrication and characterization of a microvial with a microdisk electrode for cellular measurements. Chem. Sens. 16, 118-120 (2000). 

Razunguzwa, T.T., Umperman, A.T., Fabrication and characterization of a fritless microfabricated electroosmotic pump with reduced pH dependence. Anal. Chem. 2004, 76, 1336-1341. 

Chu, Y.Q. and Q.Z. Qin. 2002. Fabrication and characterization of silver-V205 composite thin films as lithium-ion insertion materials. Chem. Mater. 14 3152-3157. 

It is well known that contact between the bottom of the tip and the sample surface will not be between two smooth, regular surfaces. In particular, the bottom of the tip may contain many asperities, and one of these asperities will serve as the probe. In STM experiments the most common tip is made from a tungsten poly-crystalline wire, and other tip materials are commonly transition metals (platinum, iridium, alloys) [21]. It is generally agreed today that only a very sharp tip with a single atom at its pinnacle is suitable to obtain atomic resolution on close-packed surfaces. But, such a tip is highly unstable. Therefore, the fabrication and characterization of defined tips, e.g. by field ion microscopy, have not been achieved, nor can it... 

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