Electrical steel

The Standard covers bar, plates, sheets, strip, structural shapes rolled stock, pipes, sheets with laminar coating and strip of carbon, alloyed and electrical steels and sets up nondestructive magnetic method of mechanical and service properties and microstructure control. 

Core-Loss Limits. In the United States, flat-roUed, electrical steel is available in the following classes (12) nonoriented, fiiUy processed nonoriented, semiprocessed nonoriented, fiiU-hard and grain-oriented, fiiUy processed. Loss limits are quoted at 1.5 T (1.5 x lO" G). The loss limits at 1.7 T (1.7 X ICf G) of the fourth class and of the high induction grades are shown in Table 2. Typical appHcations include use for transformers, generators, stators, motors, ballasts, and relays. 

Steels Products Manual—Elat Rolled Electrical Steel, American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), Washington, D.C., 1978. 

No. 1 Busheling. This scrap is a clean prompt iadustrial scrap limited to about 30 cm (12 ia.) ia any dimension. It iacludes new factory busheling such as sheet clippings and stampiags (free of old auto body and fender stock) metals which have been coated, limed, or vitreous enameled and electrical steel containing more than 0.5% siUcon. 

High purity 50% ferrosihcon containing <0.1% Al and C is used for production of stainless steel and corded wire for tires, where residual aluminum can cause harm fill alumina-type inclusions. These are also useflil in continuous cast heats, where control of aluminum is necessary. High purity grades of 50 and 75% ferrosihcon containing low levels of aluminum, calcium, and titanium are used for sihcon additions to grain-oriented electrical steels, where low residual aluminum content contributes to the attainment of desired electrical properties, eg, significant reduction of eddy currents. 

Tellurium also improves the properties of electrical steels by aiding in the magnetic anisotropy, malleable cast iron (77), and spheroidal (graphitic) cast irons (see also Metal surface TiiEATiffiNTs). 

Electric steel furnaces charging, pouring, oxygen blow Fumes, smoke, particulates (dust), CO Segregating dirty scrap proper hooding, baghouses or electrostatic precipitator... 

Sihca bricks are used extensively in coke ovens, the roofs and walls of open-hearth furnaces, and the roofs and sidewalls of glass tanks and as linings of acid electric steel furnaces. Although sihca brick is readily spalled (cracked by a temperature change) below red heat, it is very stable if the temperature is kept above this range and for this reason... 

Goodfellow, H. D. Future Trends in Design of EAF Fume. Systems. 5th European Electric Steel Congress, Paris, June 19-2.1, 1995. 

Elektro-stahl, m. electric steel, -statik,/. eleo-trostatics. 

Electrical sensing devices, 20 682 Electrical steels, tellurium in, 24 425 Electrical systems, utility company, 70 149-150... 

Steel production Steelmaking can be performed according to two main routes, to which reference can be made as based on the basic oxygen converter and the electric steel process, respectively. The basic oxygen converter... 

Electrical Steels. The properties required ol a good electrical steel include high electrical resistance, high permeability, and low hysteresis loss. These properties are provided by the addition of 0 ft 5.1), silicon to a relatively carbon-H-ee steel. Such steels are used m power transformers, motor and generator rotors and stators, and communications equipment. 

Pumps. Pump base costs were found in Fig. 8.8. Here pump product of capacity, gpm times the respective head, psi, gives a factor that is used to fix each particular pump base cost. Again, as in all the other equipment module spreadsheets, the associated equipment table factors—including piping, electrical, steel, concrete, and instrumentation—are multipliers to derive the full pump module cost. Of course labor and indirect costs are factored as well in Table 8.25. 

D.S. Loudermilk and R.A. Murphy, Overview of Technology of insulating Coatings for Grain-Oriented and Nonoriented Electrical Steels. ... 

A lung cancer cluster was identified in steel mill workers who worked in the melt shop of an electric steel-making operationJ18 That mill cast carbon and specialty steels from scrap metals. The raw materials for the plant included automobile industry scrap, construction materials, and containers that were coated with oil-based and other organic materials. Flue dust analysis revealed the following hydrophilic compounds ... 

D. Marchand, Possible improvement to dust collection in electric steel plants and summary of all planned and existing systems in the Federal Republic of Germany. Ironmaking Steelmaking 3(4), 221 (Discussion p. 230) (1976). 

Phillips 66 Company Sweeny Refinery and Petrochemical Du Pont Victoria Site Roanoke Electric Steel Corporation... 

The beneficial effect of titanium treatment is most evident in Bessemer steel it is less marked in open-hearth steel and it is even applied to crucible and electric steels and cast iron. The addition of titanium is best accomplished as an iron alloy. If the element is added alone, its high melting point and low specific gravity make it difficult to obtain a good mix. In... 

M. Aimoto, H. Kondo, A. Ono, Determination of silicon in high-silicon electrical steel by ICP-AES with on-line sample electrolytic dissolution, Anal. Sci. 23 (2007) 1367. 

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