Electrical one-line diagram

Develop electrical one-line diagrams and electrical loads lists. 

Instrument loops, including alarm settings and interlock logic Operating procedures Operator training records Preventive maintenance procedures Isolation valve list Electrical one-line diagrams Blind lists Inventory levels Relief valve information. 

Normal HAZOP documentation requirements consist of Process Flow Diagrams, P IDs or EFDs, site layout drawings, equipment detail drawings, supplemented as necessary with electrical one-line diagrams, operating instructions and trip system definitions. 

WSRC committed to issue system drawings (both P IDs and electrical one-line diagrams) to the control room.based on a verified system configuration and identified 13 safety system P IDs that will be established in the control room prior to restart. 

Preliminary Engineering (Chapter 6). This includes process engineering through P ID s, preliminary layouts, control strategy, mechanical/ electrical specifications, and one-line diagrams. 

Figure 2.8-2 is a simplified one-line diagram of the low-voltage electrical system senring the HCF and building 6588. The four substations are made up of a 5kV switch and transformer as follows ... 

One-Line Diagram. There is no industrywide standard for the graphic description of electric systems, but most designers use a one-hne diagram. 

A one-line diagram of a plant s basic electric system should be developed and maintained. It can be used for system maintenance and as a management tool which can provide instant information on system loading and capacity. 

FIGURE 5.147 Typical electrical distribution one-line diagram. 

From point of service to point of use, electric power is directed, protected, and modified by segments of the system whose function, performance, and efficiency are vital to the utilizing equipment. To operate and maintain an industrial electric distribution system properly and to understand system planning fully, it is necessary to comprehend the function of each system component and its place in the overall system. Continued reference to Fig. 5.147, the one-line diagram, will aid in putting the various elements of the system into proper perspective. 

Automated programs are now available for many heat exchanger setting plans and tube layout sketches, electrical one-line and control wiring diagrams, fur-... 

Vibration Diagram Method. In actuality the last cases above are not described accurately by this dipole array model because actual phases of the electric fields are significantly altered from those of linear waves. (A more realistic, but complex model is to consider amplitude and phase characteristics of the oscillating vertically polarized component of electric field resulting from rotation of a line of transverse dipoles of equal magnitude but rotated relative to each other along the line such that their vertical components at some reference time are depicted by Figure 2.) For this reason and to handle details of focused laser beams one must resort to a more mathematically based description. Fortunately, numerical... 

Lines, corresponding to different transitions from initial states with vacancy in the shells with the same n, compose a series of spectra, e.g. K-, L-, M-series etc. Main diagram lines correspond to electric dipole ( 1) transitions between shells with different n. The lines of 2-transitions also belong to diagram lines. Selection rules of 1-radiation as well as the one-particle character of the energy levels of atoms with closed shells and one inner vacancy cause, as a rule, a doublet nature of the spectra, similar to optical spectra of alkaline elements. X-ray spectra are even simpler than optical spectra because their series consist of small numbers of lines, smaller than the number of shells in an atom. The main lines of the X-ray radiation spectrum, corresponding to transitions in inner shells, preserve their character also for the case of an atom with open outer shells, because the outer shells hardly influence the properties of inner shells. 

The interpretation of Eq. (4-3) is direct and the formula could almost be written down immediately in terms of Fermi s familiar Golden Rule of quantum theory (see, for example, Schiff, 1968, p. 314). The absorption of light arises from the coupling, caused by the electric field, of occupied states with unoccupied states, However the absorption can only occur if the two states differ in energy by hco, so that energy can be conserved if the transition is made and one photon is absorbed. It should also be noted that in a perfect crystal the matrix elements will vanish unless the wave numbers of the coupled states in the Brillouin Zone are the same. That is, the transitions must be between states that are on the same vertical line in a diagram such as Fig. 4-7. We shall return to a more complete description of absorption later. 

---