Einstein, Albert research

Alilfikan went on to demonstrate tfie pfiotoelectron effect, providing a valuable proof of Albert Einstein s equations. His experiments also aided both Einstein and Bohr in their later research efforts. In 192 3 he was awarded a Nobel Prize in physics for both his work in determining the charge on the electron and exploring the photoelectric effect, see also Bohr, Niels Einstein, Albert Thomson, Joseph John. 

Dulong Pierre-Louis (1785-1838) Fr. chem., research on refractive indices and specific heats of gases, co-formulated Dulong-Petit s law, devised empirical formula for the heat Earnest Charles Mansfield (1941-) US chem., expert in geoscience and minerals (book Thermal analysis of clays 1984) Einstein Albert (1879-1955) Ger. phys., originator of theories of relativity, laws of motion and rest, simultaneity and... 

In the course of his research on electromagnetic waves Hertz discovered the photoelectric effect. He showed that for the metals he used as targets, incident radiation in the ultraviolet was required to release negative charges from the metal. Research by Philipp Lenard, Wilhelm Hallwachs, J. J. Thomson, and other physicists finally led Albert Einstein to his famous 1905 equation for the photoelectric effect, which includes the idea that electromagnetic energy is quantized in units of hv, where h is Planck s con-... 

The first known laser was made by Theodore Maiman at Hughes Research Laboratories in Malibu, California, in 1960, but the seeds of this breakthrough were planted years before. In 1917 Albert Einstein, through his work on the quantum theory of light, theorized that stimulated emission of light radiation could occur. The idea was forgotten, though, until the middle of the century. 

The existence of superatoms was first predicted in 1924 by an Indian physicist, S. N. Bose, and elaborated further by Albert Einstein. Over 70 years later, studies at ultralow temperature confirmed the predictions. Physicists and chemists continue to work at the limits of low temperature to test some of the most fundamental predictions of quantum mechanics. Undoubtedly, additional Nobel Prizes will reward such research. 

Thousands of scientific papers are published each year. Most are quickly shoved into the dustbin of history to be retrieved, if at all, by highly specialized researchers working in the same area. A few will change the course of science. Only the best and most fortunate scientists will come up with one such paper in a lifetime. In a single year, 1905, Albert Einstein published three of them. 

Ratna Sircar, Ph.D., Research Fellow Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Albert Einstein College of Medicine 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461... 

GEN.59.1. Prigogine, Einstein Triumphs and Conflicts, in Albert Einstein, Four commemorative Lectures, The Humanities Research Center, University Texas Austin, 1979. 

Modem geochemistry utilizes three powerful tools (major and trace) elements, isotopes, and equations, to study various Earth and environmental processes. A combination of the experimental tools (elements and isotopes) with theoretical tools (equations) provides penetrating insights into the Earth and environmental processes. The aim of this book is to link equations more closely with geochemical measurements, including elemental abundances and (radiogenic, radioactive and stable) isotopic compositions. The importance to use equations in scientific research has been best stated by Albert Einstein, "Equations are more important to me, because politics is for the present, but an equation is something for eternity."... 

Roboz-Einstein, Elizabeth, Hans Albert Einstein Reminiscences of His Life and Our Life Together (Iowa City Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, 1991). 

Eliot L. Gardner is professor of psychiatry and neuroscience and director of the Division of Basic Research in the Department of Psychiatry at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. 

Hugues Bienayme (24), Chrysalon Molecular Research, IRC, 11 Albert Einstein Avenue, Villeurbannem, 69100, France... 

Acknowledgements.— We thank B. I. Halperin, M. Heiblum, Y. Levinson, A. Schiller, H. A. Weidenmiiller and A. Yacoby for helpful conversations. This project was carried out in a center of excellence supported by the Israel Science Foundation, with additional support from the Albert Einstein Minerva Center for Theoretical Physics at the Weizmann Institute of Science, and from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the Framework of the German-Israeli Project Cooperation (DIP). 

Bose sent his paper to Albert Einstein, who immediately saw the significance of Bose s idea. Einstein wrote his own paper to accompany and support Bose s and sent both to a prestigious research journal where they were published in 1924. 

C. N. R. Rao is Albert Einstein Research Professor at the Indian Institute of Science and President of the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore. He was bom in Bangalore and educated in Mysore, Banaras and Purdue Universities. He was Visiting Professor at the Oxford and Cambridge Universities and is Honorary Professor at the University of Wales, Cardiff. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society, Foreign Associate of the US National Academy of Sciences and Member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences. He is the recipient of the Marlow Medal and the Solid State Chemistry Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry, of which he is an honorary fellow. 

Prof. Rao is Chairman, Scientific Advisory Council to the Prime Minister, past President of The Academy of Sciences for the Developing World (TWAS), Member of the Atomic Energy Commission of India and Chairman, Indo-Japan Science Council. He is Founder-President of both the Chemical Research Society of India and of the Materials Research Society of India. Prof. Rao was President of the Indian National Science Academy (1985-86), the Indian Academy of Sciences (1989-91), the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1985-97), the Indian Science Congress Association (1987-88), and Chairman, Advisory Board of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (India). He was the Director of the Indian Institute of Science (1984-94), Chairman of the Science Advisory Council to Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi (1985-89) and Chairman, Scientific Advisory Committee to the Union Cabinet (1997-98) and Albert Einstein Research Professor (1995-99). 

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