Effluent organic matter

Shon HK, Vigneswaran S, Snyder SA (2006) Effluent organic matter (EfOM) in wastewater constiments, effects, and treatment. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 36 327-374... 

Jarusutthirak C., Amy G., and Croue J.-P., Eouling characteristics of wastewater effluent organic matter (EfOM) isolates on NF and UF membranes. Desalination 145 2002 247-255. 

Alginate, a major component of the effluent organic matter in wastewater, was selected as the model foulant to conduct the FO membrane fouling experiments. Each FO fouling experiment... 

Moon, J. Lee, S., Song, J.H., and Cho, J. (2010). Membrane fouling indicator of effluent organic matter with nanoflltration for wastewater reclamation, as obtained from flow field-flow fractionation. Sep. Purif. TechnoL, 73(2) 164-172. 

The bioavailability, and hence the toxicity, of metal depends on the physical and chemical form of the metal, which in turn depends on the chemical characteristics of the surrounding water. The dissolved form of the metal is generally viewed as more bioavailable and therefore more toxic than the particulate form. Particiilate matter and dissolved organic matter can bind the metal, making it less bioavailable. What is not well known or documented is the various chemical transformations that occur both within the effluent stream and when the effluent reaches and mixes with the receiving water. Metal that is not bioavailable in the effluent may become bioavailable under ambient chemical conditions. 

Cold-pressed essential oils from the peel are some of the most important by-products recovered during the processing of Citrus fruits. The presence of limonene in the aqueous discharges, with its antimicrobial activity [1], decreases the effectiveness of the waste treatment system and increases the time necessary for the biological breakdown of the organic matter produced in the peel oil recovery system [2,3]. Additional recovery of essential oils from waste water would increase industry s returns and reduce the pollution problems associated with the disposal of waste water [4,5]. Several methods for reducing the levels of residual essential oils in the aqueous effluent have been developed over the years [6-11]. 

Generally, ammonia oxidation is slower than nitrite oxidation and, therefore, no nitrite production is observed. However, when the amount of carbon source available in the effluent is not high enough to complete the denitrification process (low COD/N ratio), the addition of external organic matter is... 

This treatment process employs the use of physical operations such as screening and sedimentation to partially remove suspended solids and organic matter from the wastewater. This process provides the secondary treatment with wastewater that is partially free of solids, in order to facilitate further treatment. The effluent from the primary treatment contains primarily organic matter and is characterized by a relatively high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).2... 

A mixture of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous iron is effective for color and COD removal of dye effluent, which is effective for complete color removal and partial degradation of organic matter. 

ANAMET [Anaerobic methane] An anaerobic biological process for treating industrial effluents containing relatively high concentrations of organic matter. The microorganisms are removed in a lamella separator in which they slide down inclined plates. Developed by Purac, Sweden, which had installed more than 50 plants by 1992, mostly in the food industry. 

The activated sludge process, depicted in Fig. 1, involves basically the aeration and agitation of an effluent in the presence of a flocculated suspension of micro-organisms which are supported on particulate organic matter. After a predetermined residence time (usually several hours) the effluent is passed to a sedimentation tank where the flocculated solids are separated from the treated liquid. A reduction of BOD from 250-350 mg IT1 to a final value of 20 mg L-1 is achieved under typical operating conditions. Part of the settled sludge is usually recycled to the aeration tank in order to maintain biological activity. 

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