Efficiency parameter

In practice, it is nontrivial to manually select the parameter values to obtain successful results. Moreover, it is not obvious how to measure the quality of the results. Therefore, a well defined performance measure and an efficient parameter optimization method are desired. 

From the experimental results of Azzouz et al. it is possible to obtain an efficiency parameter of an air curtain ... 

Many plants do not consider machine or systems efficiency as part of the maintenance responsibility. However, machinery that is not operating within acceptable efficiency parameters severely limits the productivity of many plants. Therefore a comprehensive predictive maintenance program should include routine monitoring of process parameters. 

The identification of separated componnds is primarily based on their mobility in a snitable solvent, which is described by the Rp valne of each compormd. Kowalska et al. have nicely discnssed in greater detail the theory of planar chromatography and separation efficiency parameters in Chapter 2 of the third edition of the Handbook of Thin-Layer Chromatography, published in 2003. 

The Effect of the XIft Efficiency Parameter on the Probability of Signaling Failure as a Function of the Number of Warning Devices... 

These partial derivatives provide a lot of information (ref. 10). They show how parameter perturbations (e.g., uncertainties in parameter values) affect the solution. Identifying the unimportant parameters the analysis may help to simplify the model. Sensitivities are also needed by efficient parameter estimation procedures of the Gauss - Newton type. Since the solution y(t,p) is rarely available in analytic form, calculation of the coefficients Sj(t,p) is not easy. The simplest method is to perturb the parameter pj, solve the differential equation with the modified parameter set and estimate the partial derivatives by divided differences. This "brute force" approach is not only time consuming (i.e., one has to solve np+1 sets of ny differential equations), but may be rather unreliable due to the roundoff errors. A much better approach is solving the sensitivity equations... 

The chromatographer is always a prisoner of a triangle whose apexes correspond to resolution, speed and capacity - three parameters that are in conflict (see Fig. 1.11). An optimised analytical separation uses the potential of the most efficient parameter selectivity. Thus, in this triangle, the optimised conditions are close to the apex corresponding to resolution. 

Figure 3.2. Column efficiency parameters used in Equa tion 1. See text for details.

The important case of specimens with a fixed total thickness was considered in Ref. [40]. There are certain features of crack bifurcation under these conditions, such as that if the sample with a fixed total thickness has too large a number of layers there will be no bifurcation. Layer thickness and composition are important and efficient parameters to control the bifurcation in laminates. The effect is comparable with a crack bridging phenomenon [21], The bifurcation mechanism increases the laminate fracture toughness by approximately 1.5-2 times. 

Undoubtedly, the best immobilized complex attained was Dowex-lX4-200/invertase, because all its immobilization efficiency parameters (AI, IC, and protein retention) were equal to 100% (Table 1). Therefore, this complex was chosen for characterization assay purposes. 

Hence, resolution, a key criterion for HPLC column users, is maximized for a given mobile phase/stationary phase system by maximizing N. Therefore, even if researchers are inclined to measure h as their column efficiency parameter, manufacturers... 

At this stage one can define a process efficiency parameter as ... 

K2 is the CF efficiency parameter, which is equal to 1 for continuous aligned fibers in the direction of alignment, as is the case here. 

Finally, researchers also quote another efficiency parameter closely related to , namely, the IPCE or incident photon to electron conversion efficiency. 

A. Zukauskas and R, Ulinskas, Efficiency Parameters for Heat Transfer in Tube Banks." Heal Transfer Engineering no. 2 (1985), pp. 19-25. 

The collision efficiency parameter /3c is related to the mean energy change in a collision AE by the formula [67,68]... 

Ette, E.I. Howie, C.A. Kelman, A.W. Whiting, B. Experimental design and efficient parameter estimation in preclinical pharmacokinetic studies. Pharm. Res. 1995, 12, 729-737. 

The temperature dependence of amorphization dose can also be derived by including the kinetics for thermal recovery in the crystallization efficiency parameter. A, which can be written as (SX Wang 1997, SX Wang et al. 2000e) ... 

R D is done by Inabensa in order to improve cost-efficiency parameters for the thermodine selected storage system... 

It is clear that pharmacokinetic studies in humans provide significant information for inhalation drugs. Relevant key parameters obtained from PK studies include the pulmonary deposition efficiency, parameters assessing... 

For optimal production of hydrogen by photosynthetic bacteria, to be economically attractive, one has to take into account several parameters from an overall point of view, such as the productivity rate, the light efficiency and the yield from the carbon source. An efficient parameter to evaluate the performance of photobioreactors, in order to maximize hydrogen production is still missing. With this parameter one should also be able to forecast the consequences of scaling-up. 

---