Efficiency industrial significance

Because the protonation of ozone removes its dipolar nature, the electrophilic chemistry of HOs, a very efficient oxygenating electrophile, has no relevance to conventional ozone chemistry. The superacid-catalyzed reaction of isobutane with ozone giving acetone and methyl alcohol, the aliphatic equivalent of the industrially significant Hock-reaction of cumene, is illustrative. 

The outstanding chemical property of cyanohydrins is the ready conversion to a-hydroxy acids and derivatives, especially a-amino and a,P-unsaturated acids. Because cyanohydrins are primarily used as chemical intermediates, data on production and prices are not usually pubUshed. The industrial significance of cyanohydrins is waning as more direct and efficient routes to the desired products are developed. Acetone cyanohydrin is the world s most prominent industrial cyanohydrin because it offers the main route to methyl methacrylate manufacture. 

In this chapter we have given an overview of four types of biomass-derived monomers and their applications in polyesters. Despite the fact that most of these monomers have been known for over a century, the development of efficient industrial routes to the monomers, as well as the development of polymer applications (isosorbide, FDCA, and succinate) is being intensively pursued by both industry and academia. All of the materials discussed in this chapter have unique and commercially relevant properties, so we can expect significant scientific breakthroughs and commercialization in the years to come. 

The new technique gained industrial significance when the Ford Motor Co. [1] elaborated a method for prime-coating metal automobile bodies. Following several years research to produce inexpensive, safe, water-soluble electrodepositable (ED) paints, the first production facility opened in 1963. The superior coating performance, uniformity on complex surfaces, freedom from pinholes, efficient use of paint solids, reduced solvent emission and reduced overall costs led to rapid worldwide market penetration in the automobile and other sheet-metal... 

Nearly every chemical manufacturiag operation requites the use of separation processes to recover and purify the desired product. In most circumstances, the efficiency of the separation process has a significant impact on both the quality and the cost of the product (1). Liquid-phase adsorption has long been used for the removal of contaminants present at low concentrations in process streams. In most cases, the objective is to remove a specific feed component alternatively, the contaminants are not well defined, and the objective is the improvement of feed quality defined by color, taste, odor, and storage stability (2-5) (see Wastes, industrial Water, industrial watertreati nt). 

The use of inverter-type power suppHes (63) in place of doubler-type 6O-H2 suppHes results in significant reduction in the weight of microwave ovens. Disadvantages are primarily cost for the consumer market in addition to somewhat less efficiency and increased noise. Their use in commercial or industrial equipment is more attractive. 

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