Effect on sterol

Siegel, M. R. 1981. Sterol-inhibiting fungicides Effects on sterol biosynthesis and sites of action. Plant Disease 65 986-989. 

Cert et al. (1994) reported that bleaching caused the formation of the highest levels of stigmasta-3,5-diene and that bleaching temperature and earth type had an effect on sterol dehydration. These authors also reported that heating olive oil... 

In addition, analysis of hormone levels in serum samples of white sucker Catostomus commersoni) in Lake Superior have been used to complement measurements of physiological response significant differences in the levels of testosterone and estradiol in females, and of testosterone levels in males have been associated with pollution by bleachery effluents (Munkittrick et al. 1991). It has been observed that feral fish captured from areas exposed to established contamination by PAHs, PCBs, and mercury did not exhibit the increased levels of hydrocortisone normally resulting from capture (Hontela et al. 1992). These results were interpreted as showing the adverse effect on sterol metabolism in fish chronically exposed to such pollutants. Collectively, such data draw attention to the subtler effects of exposure to xenobiotics. 

Siegel, M. 1981. Sterol-binding fungicides effect on sterol biosynthesis and site of action. Plant Dis., 65, 986-989. 

Azzout-Marniche, D., Becard, D., Guichard, C., Foretz, M., Ferre, P., and Foufelle, F. Insulin effects on sterol regulatory-element-binding protein-lc (SREBP-lc) transcriptional activity in rat hepatocytes. Biochem J 350 Pt 2 (2000) 389-393. 

Studies have not been condncted to show cnltivar, prodnction year, environment, or agronomic practice effects on sterol content of the pecan. 

Single-dose rifampicin increases ezetimibe levels without altering its effects on sterols, whereas multiple doses of rifampicin decrease ezetimibe levels and almost totally abolish its effects. 

Antioxidants (qv) have a positive effect on oils when present in the proper concentration. Sterols and tocopherols, which are natural antioxidants, may be analy2ed by gas-Hquid chromatography (glc), high performance Hquid chromatography (hplc), or thin-layer chromatography (tic). Synthetic antioxidants maybe added by processors to improve the performance or shelf life of products. These compounds include butylatedhydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), / fZ-butyUiydroquinone (TBHQ), and propyl gallate. These materials may likewise be analy2ed by glc, hplc, or tic. Citric acid (qv), which functions as a metal chelator, may also be deterrnined by glc. 

The rate of side-chain cleavage of sterols is limited by the low solubiUty of substrates and products and thek low transport rates to and from cells. Cyclodextrins have been used to increase the solubiUties of these compounds and to assist in thek cellular transport. Cyclodextrins increase the rate and selectivity of side-chain cleavage of both cholesterol and P-sitosterol with no effect on cell growth. Optimal conditions have resulted in enhancement of molar yields of androsta-l,4-diene-3,17-dione (92) from 35—40% to >80% in the presence of cyclodextrins (120,145,146,155). 

The most common sterol in membranes is cholesterol (Chapter 14), which resides mainly in the plasma membranes of mammalian cells but can also be found in lesser quantities in mitochondria, Golgi complexes, and nuclear membranes. Cholesterol intercalates among the phospholipids of the membrane, with its hydroxyl group at the aqueous interface and the remainder of the molecule within the leaflet. Its effect on the fluidity of membranes is discussed subsequently. 

Tomlinson, H., and S. Rich. Anti-senescent compounds reduce injury and steroid changes in ozonated leaves and their chloroplasts. Phytopathology 63 903-906. 1973. Tomlinson, H., and S. Rich. Effect of ozone on sterols and sterol derivatives in bean leaves. Phytopathology 61 1404-1405, 1971. 

Tomlinson, H., and S. Rich. Effect of ozone on sterols and sterol derivatives in bean leaves. Phytopathology 61 1404-1405, 1971. 

Rl. Rilling, H. C., The effect of sterol carrier protein on squalene synthesis. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 46, 470-475 (1972). 

PO007 Gelissen, C., B. Brodie, and M. A. Eastwood. Effect of Plantago ovata (psyllium) husk and seeds on sterol metabolism studies in normal and ileostomy subjects, Amer J Clin Nutr 1994 59(2) 395-400. 

Now that a number of cloned CS, LuS and /lAS genes are available it will be possible to generate transgenic plants in which the levels of these enzymes have been manipulated. The effects of altering the levels of these different OSCs on sterol and triterpenoid synthesis can then be assessed. 

No drug-drug interactions have been reported for saw palmetto. Because saw palmetto has no effect on the PSA marker, it will not interfere with prostate cancer screening using this test. Recommended dosing of a standardized dried extract (containing 85-95% fatty acids and sterols) is 160 mg orally twice daily. Patients should be instructed that it may take 4-6 weeks for onset of clinical effects. 

Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino Joe Koo Lan (root) Panaxatriol, panaxadiol, saponin, glypenosides, sterol.33-34349350351 Regulating effect on lymphocyte transformation, protective effect against myocardial and cerebral ischemia, relax isochemic heart ventricles. 

N.A. Silicic acid, silicates, flavonoids, phenolic acid, nicotine, sterols.100 Regeneration of connective tissue, clotting agent, astringent effect on genitourinary system. 

Some medications may exert some effect on cholesterol biosynthesis and result in elevated concentrations of intermediate sterol levels. A known example is ingestion of haloperidol, which may result in elevated levels of 7-dehydrocholesterol [6]. 

The inhibitory effects of the sterols and triterpenoids on TPA-induced inflammatory ear edema in mice are shown in Table 2. The inhibitory effects of three reference compounds, quercetin (4), a known inhibitor of TPA-induced inflammation in mice, and of two commercially available anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin (5) and hydrocortisone (6), were included for comparison. As is evident from Table 2, most of the compounds examined exhibited activity almost equivalent to or higher than quercetin (4). Inhibitory effects on the other experimental models were also included in Table 2. 

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