Effect of gasoline aromatic content

Stichting Concawe, Effect of gasoline aromatic content on polynuclear aromatic exhaust emission 1974, Report No. 6/74, September,. Stichting Concawe the Hague, pp. 1-63. 

Concawe Rep. 3/73 Effect of Gasoline Aromatics Content on Exhaust Emissions, Den Haag 1973... 

Heuss, J. M., G. T. Nebel, and B. A. D Alieva. Effects of gasoline aromatic and lead content on exhaust hydrocarbon reactivity. Environ. Sci. Technol. 8 641-647,... 

Effect of Increasing Gasoline Aromatic Content on BaP Emitted... 

Westerholm, R. N., T. A. Alsberg, A. B. Frommelin, and M. E. Strandell, Effect of Fuel Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content on the Emissions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Other Mutagenic Substances from a Gasoline-Fueled Automobile, Environ. Sci. Technol, 22, 925-930 (1988). 

Up to this point only the elimination of lead anti-knock compounds has been considered. Legislation on the volatility, olefin content, or aromatic content of gasoline could also have a significant effect on the future of alkylation and isomerization. It is impossible to predict what legislation, if any, will be passed to regulate the properties of gasoline, but the directional effects of such legislation can be indicated ... 

Liquid chromatography (also called adsorption chromatography) has helped to characterize the group composition of crude oils and hydrocarbon products since the beginning of this century. The type and relative amount of certain hydrocarbon classes in the matrix can have a profound effect on the quality and performance of the hydrocarbon product. The fluorescent indicator adsorption (FIA) method (ASTM D-1319) has been used to measure the paraffinic, olefinic, and aromatic content of gasoline, jet fuel, and liquid products in general (Suatoni and Garber, 1975 Miller et al., 1983 Norris and Rawdon, 1984). 

The analysis of product gasoline indicates an increased aromatic content with the ZSM-5 but this arises solely from a concentration effect [1 6]. The gain in aromatics with REHY, however, is greater than can be explained by concentration alone and suggests additional aromatic formation from more extensive hydrogen transfer reactions. 

The effect of the GSR technology on the sulfur content of the LCO is illustrated in Figure 12. This shows a decrease of approximately 10% sulfur content over the whole conversion range. For this experiment the USY/Matrix system was used on the low sulfur feed. Unlike the gasoline, the LCO shows an increase in the sulfur level with conversion, which is most likely due to a concentration of stable aromatic sulfur compounds in the LCO. 

The presence of a higher aromatic content In the gasoline resulted In Increased swell and hence Increased deterioration of tensile properties of elastomers exposed to the gasoline and Its mixtures. Addition of benzene to Increase the aromatic content resulted In slightly more detrimental effects on nitrile elastomers than the addition of toluene. The data on all elastomers can be explained In terms of the solubility parameter concept. 

A second compromise between the other specifications which will be set for fuels in 2005 and the increase in self-consumption has also to be found. Some of these specifications are effectively interdependent and this interdependence must be taken into account when selecting them. For instance, in the future why would it be necessary to keep the aromatics content below 35% in gasoline if the almost complete elimination of sulphur enables total elimination of harmful hydrocarbons discharged in exhaust gas (50) A similar question can be asked regarding the lowering of the T95 in diesel fuel which aims at limiting the formations of polyaromatics and soot in exhaust gas, when eventually diesel vehicles will be fitted with particle filters (50). 

The maximums of liquid product yields (80 and 52.5 mass% in modes 1 and 2, respectively) were observed at the same dose values of about 6 kGy. However, gasoline fractions produced in the two modes considerably differed in their hydrocarbon contents. At the temperature of 375°C, isoalkane yields were comparable with those observed in the catalytic process at the temperatures above 600°C. The unusually high yields of isoparaffins in the RTC modes characterized by relatively low values of temperature and dose rate were attributed to the effects of energy transfer from paraffin to aromatic components of the hydrocarbon mixture. 

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