Effect of fatty acids

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Fanta, G. F., Felker, F. C., Shogren, R. L., Saleh, J. H. (2006). Effect of fatty acid structure on the morphology of spherulites formed from jet cooked mixtures of fatty acids and defatted cornstarch. Carbohydrate Polymers, 66, 60-70. 

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To examine the effect of fatty acid concentration on the major volatiles produced, five 5 g-samples of different fatty acid... 

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E Nano, J.L., Nobili, C., Girard-Pipau, F., and Rampal, P., Effects of fatty acids on the growth of Caco-2 cells, Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids, 69, 207, 2003. 

It is interesting to note that the enhancement of skin permeation of drugs by fatty acid is dependent upon the alkyl chain length (Figure 6). In addition, the esterification of the carboxylic acid group reduces the effectiveness of fatty acids in skin permeation enhancement. The type of enhancer used and its concentration in the adhesive coating also play an important role in the extent of skin permeation (Figure 7). 

Consequently, the most of the excess G6P appears to be converted to fatty acids in the muscle, so in this case a substantial DNL is taking place in the muscle cells [96, 107]. The fate of the fatty acids is unknown. They may be oxidized or, at least partly, stored in the muscle cells, or transported to the adipose tissues and stored there. An interesting effect of fatty acid production is that they may inhibit GLUT4 [108, 109], leading to a kind of insulin resistance. 

Fig. 47.—Effect of fatty acids on the formation of complexes with wheat (upper OA+LA and SA curves) and potato (lower OA + LA and SA curves) starch. OA, oleic acid LA, linoleic acid SA, octadecanoic acid.749...

Szejtli and Banky-Eloed optimized conditions for the formation of amy-lose complexes with unsaturated fatty acids.753 The inhibiting effect of fatty acids on the blue reaction of amylose suggests that fatty acids are adsorbed by the amylose helix.751... 

Kamal-Eldin, A. 2006. Effect of fatty acids and tocopherols on the oxidative stability of vegetable oils. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 58 1051-1061. 

Shah, J., Atienza, J. M Rawlings, A. V. and Shipley, G. G. (1995b). Physical properties of ceramides Effect of fatty acid hydroxylation. J. Lipid Res. 36 1945. 

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Yorek M, Leeney E, Dunlap J, Ginsberg B. Effect of fatty acid composition on insulin and IGF-I binding in retinoblastoma cells. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 1989 30 2087-2092. 

Inoue T, Yanagihara S, Misono Y, Suzuki M. Effect of fatty acids on phase behavior of hydrated dipaknitoylphosphatidylchoUne bilayer saturated versus unsaturated fatty acids. Chem. Phys. Lipids 2001 109 117-133. 

There is a vast amount of data on the effects different fatty acids have when fed as usual food lipids. These will not be dealt with here. It is sufficient to stress that it is important to avoid generalizations. All saturated fatty acids do not raise cholesterol. Not all polyunsaturated fatty acids reduce cholesterol, and the physiological effects of different trans-fatty acids are different. In general, each fatty acid has distinct effects. We concentrate here on how fat structure can modulate the known effects of fatty acids. Furthermore, it is important to keep in mind that the nutritional effects of edible fats and oils do not only depend on the fatty acids they contain but also on the presence of other components. 

Relative to fatty acids esterified in the l(3)-position of chylomicron TAGs, fatty acids in the 5 2-position are delivered to a greater extent to the fiver, whereas the fatty acids originally present at the outer positions are taken up to a greater extent by peripheral tissues (63). As biological effects of fatty acids are dependent on their nature, their tissue targeting could be of importance. 

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