Educational psychology

Ausubel, D. P. (1968). Educational psychology A cognitive view. London Holt, Rinehart Winston. 

Davydov, V. V. (1988). The concept of theoretical generalization and problems of educational psychology. Studies in East European Thought, 36(3), 169-202. 

Although a variety of self-report methods have been developed for and used in research in other areas such as memory, decision making, educational psychology, instruction, and clinical psychology (17,18), they have yet to be fully implemented in research on sleep deprivation. The purpose of this chapter is to examine the literature on verbal reports in sleep deprivation and to discuss future directions of research in the sleep deprivation field using verbal reports. 

In this case, too, we have deep historical roots to contemporary ideas. The most prominent of these is in the writings of John Dewey. Dewey s work can be classified into many different disciplines, including education, psychology, philosophy, and political science. Primarily, he was a theoretical thinker, but he always linked his work to practical problems, including those of democracy. He was a member of the pragmatist movement, linking with many of the ideas of James. 

Moore, J. L. and T. R. Rocklin (1998) The distribution of distributed cognition Multiple interpretations and uses. Educational Psychology Review 10( ), 97-113. 

Mayer, R. E. and R. Moreno (1998) A split-attention effect in multimedia learning Evidence for dual processing systems in working memory. Journal of Educational Psychology 90(2), 312-320. 

Cowan, R., and Daniels, H. (1989). Children s use of counting and guidelines in judging relative number. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 59, 200-210. 

Mayer, R. E., and Gallini, J. K. (1990). When is an illustration worth ten thousand words Journal of Educational Psychology, 82, 715-726. 

Students majors in this course included Environmental Studies, International Relations, French/Intemational Relations, Arts Administration with a minor in French and Photography, International Relations/Economics, Political Science, Mathematics/Economics with a minor in Philosophy, Political Science/Secon-dary Education, Psychology, Graphic Design/Communications Media, Spanish, and International Relations/Spanish. 

Stuart, R. B. (1974). Teaching facts about drugs Pushing or preventing. Journal of Educational Psychology, 66, 189-201. 

De Corte, E., Verschaffel, L., De Win, L. (1985). Influence of rewording verbal problems on children s problem representations and solutions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 77, 460-470. 

Loftus, E. F., 8c Suppes, P. (1972). Structural variables that determine problem-solving difficulty in computer-assisted instruction. Journal of Educational Psychology, 63, 531-542. 

Willis, G. B., Fuson, K. C. (1988). Teaching children to use schematic drawings to solve addition and subtraction word problems. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80, 192-201. 

Piaget J, Inhelder B (1969) The psychology of the child. Basic Books, New York Ausubel DP (1968) Educational psychology - a cognitive view. Holt, Rinehart Winston, New York... 

This type of tests are not rehable because there is no agreement between teachers about the marks to be assigned and studies have shown that even the same teachers do not agree with themselves. Sandifoard, in his book on educational psychology refers to a study, "In one department of the University of Toronto, the same subject was set for an essay in different years. The essay which had secured 80 marks in one year, was exactly copied by the students in another year and scored 39 marks". 

Hotelling H, Analysis of a complex of statistical variables into principal components, Journal of Educational Psychology, 1933,24, 417-441. 

Rubin DB (19 74) Estimating causal effects of treatment in randomized and nonrandomized studies. Journal of Educational Psychology 66 688-701. 

Hotelling, H. (1933) Analysis of a Complex of Statistical Variables into Principal Components. Journal of Educational Psychology 24,417-441 and 498-520. 

Borg, M. G. (1990). Occupational stress in British educational settings A review. Educational Psychology 10 103-26. 

Kulik, J. A., and Kiilik, C. (1987), Review of Recent Research Literature on Computer-Based Instruction, Contemporary Educational Psychology, Vol. 12, pp. 222-230. 

A person s psychological quality which based on the innate quality is gradually formed by the influence of acquired environment and education. Psychological quality includes the human ability of cognition, emotion and emotion quality, character, temperament, personality and so on. 

Chemical education research is most likely to provide valuable information to researchers when it is based on a specific theory. There are many reasons why literature reviews are particularly important in planning theory-based research studies (7, 8), Without a literature review, researchers have no idea what studies have already been performed, and what evidence already exists to support or contradict their research hypotheses. The literature review can also provide suggestions of possible research hypotheses that have not yet been answered. Although there are many relevant and useful research studies in the chemical education literature that are not theory-based, having a theory-base usually improves chemical education research studies. If the researchers are studying an area that is relatively new or unexplored, there may not be many relevant chemical education research studies. In this case, the researchers may have to expand their literature search to new areas (science education, psychology, or other areas) to find relevant studies. 

Kardash, C., Wallace M. (2001). The perceptions of science classes survey What undergraduate science reform efforts really need to address. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93(6), 199-210. 

Esquivel, G. B. (1995). Teacher behaviors that foster creativity. Educational Psychology Review, 7(2), 185-202. 

Ryan, R., Deci, E. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54-67. 

---