Ecole Polytechnique Pari

C. Viel, Guyton de Morveau, pere de la nomenclature chimique (1737-1816) , in Lavoisier et la Revolution Chimique. Actes du colloque tenu a l occasion du Bicenntenaire de la Publication du Traite Elementaire de Chimie 1789, ed. M. Goupil, P. Bret and F. Masson, SABIX, Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, 1992, pp. 129-170. 

Smeaton, W. A. The Early History of Laboratory Instruction in Chemistry at the Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, and Elsewhere. Annals of Science 10. 1954, 224-233. 

Jean Baptiste Dumas (b.1800 Ales, France - d.1884 Canne, France), French chemist and politician. Tutor at the Ecole Polytechnique (Paris 1821), one of the founders of the Ecole Polytechnique (Paris 1821), one of the founders of the Ecole Centrale des Arts et Manufactures (Paris 1829), Professor of Chemistry at the faculte des Sciences de Paris, at the faculte de Medecine, Lecturer at the College de france. Member of the Academie des Sciences (1832), elected at the Academie Franqaise (1875). 

H. Poincare (1886) Acta Mathematica VIII 295 and (1892) Les Methodes Nouvelles de la Mecanique Celeste Gauthier-Villars et Cie, Libraire du Bureau des Longitudes et de l Ecole Polytechnique, Paris... 

Figure 4.7. Formation of dendrites (source Thesis, Anna Teyssot, Etude de I interface lithium mital/electrolyte polymire fondu et gelifii. Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, 2005)...

Professor of Physics Applied to Natural History was created for his father at the Museum d Histoire Naturelle, Edmund had the dilemma of choosing to attend TEcole Normale, I Ecole Polytechnique, or become an assistant to his father for the course that went with the professorship. He chose to assist his fatlier, and their collaboration continued for decades. Thus, his title on the title page of the hook published in 1855-1856 with his father is given as Professeur all Cousei vatoire imperial des Ai ts et Metiers, Aide-naturaliste au Museum d Histoire Naturelle, etc. After a short period as assistant at la. Sorhonne, and then as Professor at the Institut Agronomique de Versailles, he became Professor at the Cousei vatoire des Ai ts et Metiers in 1852, where he worked for almost forty years. When his father died in 1878, Edmond succeeded him as director of the Museum in addition to his professorship. He received a degree as Doctor of Science from the University of Paris in 1840, and was elected a member of I Academie des Sciences in 1863. 

Joseph Achille Le Bel (IB47-1930I was born in Pechelbronn, France, and studied at the Ecole Polytechnique and the Sorbonne in Paris. Freed by his family s wealth from the need to earn a living, he established his own private laboratory. 

Jean-Baptiste Biot (1774-1862) was born in Paris, France, and was educated there at the Ecole Polytechnique. In 1800. he was appointed professor of mathematical physics atthe College de France. His work on determining the optica rotation of naturally occurring molecules included an experiment on turpentine, which caught fire and nearly burned down the church building he was using for his experiments. 

Antoine de Fourcroy, Systeme des connaissances chimiques, et de leurs applications aux phenomenes de la nature et de l art, 11 vols. (Paris Baudoin, 1800), I xxxxxxi translated and quoted by Janis Langins, "The Decline of Chemistry at the Ecole Polytechnique, 17941805," Ambix 28 (1981) 119. 

Darzens, G. A. Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 1904, 139, 1214. George Auguste Darzens (1867—1954) bom in Moscow, Russia, studied at Ecole Polytechnique in Paris and stayed there as a professor. 

Eugene-Melchior Peligot was born, on February 24, 1811, at Paris. He studied at the Lycee Henri IV and at the Central School of Arts and Manufactures, but was obliged to leave school for financial reasons. In 1832, however, good fortune dawned for him, and he was admitted to the laboratory of the Ecole Polytechnique to study under J.-B. Dumas. A few years later he was collaborating with Dumas in important researches in organic chemistry. 

One of the stirring events of the Revolution was Vauquelin s rescue, from the mob, of an unfortunate Swiss soldier who had escaped from the Tuileries massacre. Because of his participation in the Revolution, Vauquelin had to leave Paris in 1793 however, after serving as pharmacist in a military hospital for a few months, he returned to Paris to teach chemistry at the Central School of Public Works, which afterward became the Ecole Polytechnique. He later became an inspector of mines and professor of assaying at the School of Mines, where he also lived. Out of gratitude to Fourcroy s sisters, who continued to keep house for him even after the death of their brother, Vauquelin placed most of the apartment at their disposal, and both the sisters lived with him until they died (16, 35). 

The quantity of metal which Davy prepared was very small, and it was not until 1831 that it was first prepared in a coherent form. This was done by the French chemist, Antoine-Alexandre-Brutus Bussy, who was bom at Marseilles on May 29, 1794. He studied at the Ecole Polytechnique for a time, but his interest in chemistry soon led him to abandon his military career and to become apprenticed to a pharmacist. After studying pharmacy at Lyons and at Paris he became a pupil of P.-J. Robiquet, who was then a pr parateur in chemistry at the Ecole de... 

Louis-Joseph Gay-Lussac was bom at St. Leonard, near Limoges, on December 6, 1778, and was therefore just eleven days older than Davy. After receiving his elementary education in St. Leonard he went to Paris, and when he was nineteen years old, he enrolled at the Ecole Polytechnique, where he soon became acquainted with his lifelong friend and collaborator, Thenard. 

Allaire, G., and Raphael, A.-L. Homogeneisation d un modele de convection-diffusion avec chimie/ adsorption en milieu poreux, preprint R.I. 604, Ecole Polytechnique, Centre de Mathematiques appliquees, Paris, November 2006. 

Under his father s tutelage until age 16, Sadi entered the Ecole Polytechnique (which his father had helped to found) to pursue a career in military engineering. However, the continued political turmoil, including his father s exile after the Battle of Waterloo, brought considerable disappointment and frustration to the self-effacing young military officer. He thereupon took retirement from active military service in 1818 to pursue personal studies in Paris, with roommate Hippolyte. Sadi s broad interests in mathematics, physics, chemistry, natural history, literature, music, and athletics were combined with... 

Three years later Gay-Lussac was accepted to the newly founded and elite Ecole Polytechnique in Paris, where he initially studied mathematics and engineering. However, he soon fell in love with science and especially chemistry. This was in no small part due to the influence of the renowned scientist Claude-Louis Berthollet (1748-1822), a lecturer at the Ecole who was also a contemporary of Antoine Lavoisier. It was Berthollet who took Gay-Lussac under his wing as his student and laboratory assistant. 

But if the provinces suffered, chemistry in Paris became extremely healthy. Chemists in Paris became leading figures in national life. Gay-Lussac was a professor at the Ecole Polytechnique, founded in the aftermath of the French Revolution. He was also a peer of France, a director of the mint, as well as an active politician. Other chemists became government ministers, members of the Legion of Honor, directors of industrial enterprises, and even friends and advisers to Napoleon. In the middle of the nineteenth century, the most influ-... 

The offending papers were published almost simultaneously in 1874. Although they were completely independent of one another and argued in very different ways, they arrived at the same conclusions. Yan t Hoff had studied in the Netherlands, then worked for a while under Kekule in Germany. Then he worked in Charles-Adolphe Wurtz s laboratory in Paris, where he met Le Bel. Le Bel had studied at the Ecole Polytechnique, the great French scientific and technical school that trained technical officers for the army. 

M. Doux, Nouveaux Ligands Phosphore Soufre Coordination, Catalyse et Etude Theorique, Dissertation thesis, Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau, Paris, 2005. 

Bravais, A. Memoire sur les systemes formes par des points distributes regulierement sur un plan ou dans I espace. Journal de I Ecole Polytechnique (Parts) 19 (cahier 33), 1-128. Printed vol Bachelier Paris (1850). English translation Shaler, A. J. On the systems formed by points regularly distributed on a plane or in space. Crystallographic Society of America Memoir 1 (Monograph 4) New York (1949). 

Mean Baptiste Fourier (1768-1830) was Professor for Analysis at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris and from 1807 a member of the French Academy of Science. His most important work Theorie analytique de la chaleur appeared in 1822. It is the first comprehensive mathematical theory of conduction and cointains the Fourier Series for solving boundary value problems in transient heat conduction. 

Philippe C. Hiberty studied theory at the University of Paris-Sud with W.J. Hehre, completed his Ph.D. under the supervision of L. Salem, and got a research position at the CNRS. In 1979 he started his postdoctoral research with J.I. Brauman at Stanford University and then with H.F. Schaefer III at Berkeley. He went back to Orsay to join the Laboratoire de Chimie Theorique, where he developed a research program based on valence bond theory. He became Directeur de Recherche in 1986, and in addition, he now teaches Quantum Chemistry at the Ecole Polytechnique in Palaiseau. His research interests are, among others, in the application of quantum chemistry and valence bond theory to fundamental concepts of organic chemistry... 

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