Dyslipidemia primary

Because lipoprotein metabolism and the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis are closely linked, treatment of dyslipidemias is critical for both primary and secondary prevention of IHD-related cardiac events. In 2001, the Adult Treatment Panel III of the National Cholesterol Education Program... 

Primary or genetic lipoprotein disorders are classified into six categories for the phenotypic description of dyslipidemia. The types and corresponding lipoprotein elevations include the following I (chylomicrons), Ha (LDL), lib (LDL + very low density lipoprotein, or VLDL), III (intermediate-density lipoprotein), IV (VLDL), and V (VLDL + chylomicrons). Secondary forms of hyperlipidemia also exist, and several drug classes may elevate lipid levels... 

Hypercholesterolemia Adjunctive therapy to diet for the reduction of LDL-C, total-C, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B (apo B) and to increase HDL-C in adult patients with primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia (Fredrickson Types lla and Mb). 

Primary hypercholesterolemia/mixed dyslipidemia For the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia (heterozygous familial and nonfamilial) and mixed dyslipidemia (Frederickson Types lla and Mb) in the following Patients treated with lovastatin who require further TG-lowering or FIDL-raising who may benefit from having niacin added to their regimen patients treated with niacin who require further... 

Rosuvastatin (Crestor) [Antilipemic/HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitor] Uses Rx primary hypercholesterolemia mixed dyslipidemia ... 

Pravastatin is indicated as an adjunct to diet in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia, mixed dyslipidemia, elevated serum triglyceride levels and primary dysbetalipoproteinemia who do not respond adequately to diet. 

Indication Adjunct to diet for the reduction of elevated total cholesterol. LDL. apo B. and TG levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia (heterozygous familial and nonfamilial). mixed dyslipidemia (Fredrickson types Ila and 1 lb), elevated TG (type IV) and primary dysbetali-poproteinemia (type III) Adjunct to other lipid lowering treatments for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia ... 

Atorvastatin calcium is used as an adjunct to diet to reduce the elevated total-cholesterol, LDL, apolipoprotein B (apo B), and triglyceride (TG) levels, and to increase the HDL-C level in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia. The drug is also used for the treatment of patients with an elevated serum TG levels, and for the patients with primary dysbetaliproteinemia, which do not respond adequately to diet. Atorvastatin calcium is also indicated to reduce the total-cholesterol and LDL-C in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (e.g., LDL apheresis) [6]. 

Yee HS, Fong NT. Atorvastatin in the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemias. Ann Pharmacother 1998 32(10) 1030-43. 

Baycol was indicated as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apo B, and triglycerides (TG) and to increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia (Fredrickson types Ila and Ilb) when the response to dietary restriction of saturated fat and cholesterol and other nonpharmacological measures alone had been inadequate. Therapy with lipid altering drugs should bea component of multiple risk factor intervention in those patients at significantly high risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease due to hypercholesterolemia. 

Interim care is defined as frequent care for specified patient populations and close patient monitoring between visits to the primary provider. Interim care models follow a similar process for delivering care as do comprehensive pharmaceutical care models, but on a disease-state specific basis. Many examples of this exist in the CDTM model. Examples of interim-care CDTM models include anticoagulation/heparin clinics and clinics to treat asthma, seizures, pain, hypertension, diabetes, HIV, dyslipidemia, congestive heart failure, and other chronic-disease conditions. 

Frick, M.H. Elo, O. Haapa, K. Heinonen, O.P. Heinsalmi, P. Helo, P., et al. Helsinki heart study Primary-prevention trial with gemfibrozil in middle-aged men with dyslipidemia. Safety of treatment, changes in risk factors, and incidence of coronary heart disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 1987, 317, 1237-1245. 

The manufacturer does not recommend use of the fixed combination as initial therapy of primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia. It is specifically Indicated in patients receiving lovastatin alone plus diet who require an additional reduction in triglyceride levels or increase in HDL cholesterol levels it is also Indicated In those treated with niacin alone who require additional decreases in LDL cholesterol. 

The primary goals of DM management are to reduce the risk for microvascular and macrovascular disease complications, to ameliorate symptoms, to reduce mortality, and to improve quality of life. Near-normal glycemia will reduce the risk for development of microvascular disease complications, but current evidence targets aggressive management of traditional cardiovascular risk factors (i.e., smoking cessation, treatment of dyslipidemia, intensive blood pressure control, and antiplatelet therapy) to reduce the likelihood of development of macrovascular disease. 

Rosuvastatin is a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme that converts HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a precursor of cholesterol. It is indicated as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total cholesterol (C), LDL-C, non-HDL-C, ApoB, and TG levels and to increase HDL-C in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia as an adjunct to diet for the treatment of patients with elevated serum TG levels and to reduce LDL-C, total C, and ApoB in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an adjunct to other lipidlowering treatments or if such treatments are not available. 

Pravastatin has been shown to increase levels of HDLC in patients with heterozygous familial and nonfamilial primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia. as well as Frederickson Types 2a and 2b. 

In many respects stroke is a preventable disorder. Prevention is the target of a variety of programs to reduce risk factors for stroke. The aim of primary prevention is to reduce the risk of stroke in asymptomatic people. Hypertension, carotid artery stenosis, atrial fibrillation and certain other cardiac conditions, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, sickle... 

The situation with respect to the uncommon liver disorder of bihary cirrhosis is uncertain. Hypercholesterolemia, mainly as a rise in LDL cholesterol, is a common characteristic, although increased cardiovascular risk is not proportionate to the dyslipidemia. In 603 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis who took a statin for a mean duration of 41 months hepatic enzymes actually fell [30 ]. 

Parhofer, K.G., 2009. Review of extended-release niacin/laropiprant fixed combination in the treatment of mixed dyslipidemia and primary hypercholesterolemia. Journal of Vascular Health and Risk Management. 5 901-908. 

Dyslipidemia is common in patients with renal disease. Lipid-lowering medical treatment is commonly prescribed in adults with CKD based on the evident benefit of this approach for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in the general adult population. Statin therapy is effective in reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adults with moderate to severe CKD although not in patients with ESRD. With respect to renoprotection, experimental evidence suggests that statins may retard renal disease progression not only by their lipid-lowering but also by lipid-independent pleiotropic effects [7]. 

Laropiprant (registered under the trademark Tredaptive (Merck) in combination with niacin) is a prostaglandin D2 (PG D2) receptor antagonist indicated for the treatment of dyslipidemia, particularly in patients with combined mixed dyslipidemia (characterized by elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol) as well as in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia (heterozygous familial and non-familial). Tredaptive can be used... 

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