Drivers of change

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The replacement of established chemistries with newer ones is one of the classic drivers of change in the chemical industry. One of the current hotbeds of this kind of change is the replacement of brominated flame retardants in polymer formulations. The brominated flame retardants under the most scrutiny have been polybrominated diphenyl ethers, particularly penta- and octabromodiphenyl ether, which have been shown to be persistent in the environment and to bioaccumulate. Great Lakes Chemical is voluntarily phasing out penta- and octa-BDEs by the end of next year. The phaseout is made possible by the clean bill of health granted by EPA for Firemaster 550, a replacement for penta-BDE in flexible PU applications. BRG Townsend claims the phaseout of penta-BDE and octa-BDE is not as earth shattering as would be an exit from deca-BDE, a styrenics additive that is produced in the highest volume of the PBDEs. 

World Economic Forum in Davos, the leaders of the world s largest chemical companies placed biotechnology among the key drivers of change for the decade ahead. 

A view on the importance of different drivers of change was provided by consultants EAG Environ, UK, who conduct an annual survey to investigate the business case for environmental disclosure. In this, companies from a range of different business sectors were asked to rate the relative influence of a range of stakeholders in their decision to produce an environmental report. Scoring ranged from 0 (no importance) to a maximum of 3 (very important). The results are shown in Table 2.4. 

We will now turn from the planning system to look at what we call conditions for success. Recall the action-results and conditions for success model (see Figure 1). Much of the work of ISE tends to be in the domain of action to results working on what we ctill drivers of change that directly result in improved business results. Often the effectiveness of efforts to influence drivers is diminished because the conditions for enabhng the efforts to be effective are not present. So we identify enablers that are collectively constitute conditions for success. We wUl introduce four enablers that are central to conditions for success ... 

Drivers of Supply Chain Change Six drivers of change The role of innovation The flexibility imperative Criteria for a great supply chain... 

We have entered a unique epoch in history where human activity is the key driver of change to the Earth system. The sheer magnitude of anthropogenic perturbations to the system obligates the adoption of a precautionary stance with respect to consumption of resources and in dealing with externalities associated with it. Sustainable... 

A key driver of change and new product development in the plastics additives markets is a host of environmental concerns. This is seen most dramatically in PVC where concerns over the use of heavy-metal heat stabilizers based on lead have led to a widespread conversion to tin-based materials and even to nonmetallic stabilizers. The widely used phthalate-based Plasticizers for flexible PVC have come under fire because of concerns over their potential adverse effects on the human reproductive systems. Concerns over the potential for brominated FRs to form dioxins are fueling the development of new halogen-free systems. 

Driver of change New product development Supply chain interrelationships Competitive pressures Environmental changes... 

Hameri A.P., Hintsa J., 2009, Assessing the Drivers of Change for Cross-Border Supply Chains, International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, 39(9), pp. 741-761. 

Four drivers of change in telecommunications. (From Wery, B., Growth strategies for telecommunications operators, in The Telecommunications Handbook, Terplan, K. and Morreale, P., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2000, p. 1-35.)... 

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