Drained test

Complex structures such as tank farms, tank bottoms and marine installations have complicated attenuation patterns and it is not feasible to use complex equations to determine the effect. This must be determined by a current drain test or by practical experience. For pipelines the attenuation depends on the linear resistance of the pipe, coating resistance, and to some extent the resistivity of the soil. Connections to foreign structures and the method of termination of the line also affect the attenuation (see Section 10.1). 

Quarterly Main drain test, master alarm test... 

Equipment to measure, proportionally divert, and collect the surface runoff was installed at the end of the irrigation ditch-draining test plot. The measuring apparatus consisted of an up-channel and apron, Parshall flume, stilling well, and water level recorder. A flow-splitting device was attached to the downstream side of the flume. One third of the flow was diverted to a settling tank where it was sampled. A 3-hour retention time was allowed for the water-borne silt to settle. A proportional part of the settleable silt was collected for analysis. 

To test the coupling in the storage terms of the flow equation, five test cases were used for verification purposes 1) Isothermal Undrained Test (UTT), 2) Isothermal Drained Test (DIT), 3) Isothermal Injection Test (INI), 4) Non-isothermal Undrained Test (UNT) and (5) Non-isothermal drained test (DNT). 

Numbers in brackets refer to figure 1. Consolidated drained tests will be performed in a high pressure cell (confining pressure up to 60 MPa) connected to two independent drainage lines (4 5). The first one provides a pore pressure up to 60 MPa at the top of the specimen, the second one is linked to the bottom of the specimen. Hence we can control pore pressure in an independent way at the top and at the bottom of the specimen at the same time, as to impose an hydraulic gradient. For the axial load, the cell has a vertical self-contained piston (1) which can provide a deviatoric... 

Draining tests of sleeve filled with liquid sodium were not successful and confirmed that further draining of sodium is hazardous. 

Triaxial tests are normally carried out on nominal 100 mm or 38 mm diameter samples with height to diameter ratio 2 1. If the height to diameter ratio is reduced to 1 1 the end platens should be lubricated Undrained tests measure undrained strength s . Drained tests, or undrained tests with measurement of pore pressure, evaluate the Mohr Coulomb parameters c and 4> Since soil strength depends on strain it is necessary to state whether the strength corresponds to the peak state, the critical state or the residual (Atkinson 1993)... 

Prior to triaxial shearing, samples may be consolidated in the apparatus to some specified state these are then known as consolidated undrained or consolidated drained tests as appropriate. Any drained or undrained test in which port pressures are measured should be consolidated before shearing... 

As an aside comment, the author further believes that most geotechnical engineers would be surprised to learn that DSS testing to obtain Su in clays is actually a drained test conducted under conditions of maintaining constant volume. Of course, this concept fits nicely within the framework of critical-state soil mechanics (Holtz et al. 2011). 

Primary Battery Design, Fig. 4 Storage maintenance based on rating drain test at 20 C, to 0.9 V... 

This result is similar to drained triaxial tests (namely, CTj = constant, dp = — (l/3)rfa(, dq= — da, dq/dp = 3). As shown in Fig. 6.2d, if an undrained stress path B-B under a consolidation pressure p g intersects with a drained stress path A-A" under a consolidation pressure a point C, the void ratio obtained from the undrained test is the same as the void ratio obtained from the drained test. We can draw these states in a space p, q, e) as illustrated in Fig.6.2f, which shows that the critical state is reached after travelling the surface referred to as the state boundary surface or Roscoe surface in both the undrained and drained tests. The line of failure is known as the critical state line (CSL). It is noted that the projection of CLS in the space p, q, e) onto the space (p, q) is given as = Mp, and the surface formed by CLS and its projection onto q, e) is referred to as Hvoslev surface, which is a failure surface found by Hvoslev in 1937 through a series of direct shear tests conducted on Vienna clay. 

We observe a softening response, as shown Fig. 6.3a, b for a drained test, and the stress reaches a residual state described as R in Fig. 6.3a after a peak point Q the volumetric strain changes at Q from compression to dilation. 

The shearing behavior of a lightly over-consolidated clay is as follows initially it swells from a point A on the NCL to a point D, as shown in Fig. 6.3d, e. Then, after performing an undrained triaxial test, the shear stress q directly attains the point C on the CSL. Thus, the behavior of a lightly over-consolidated clay is different from that of a heavily over-consolidated clay, and is similar to the normally consolidated clay. On the other hand, if we perform a drained test, the stress q reaches the CSL at a point F, after which the clay experiences plastic flow under a constant volumetric plastic strain. 

For dose response and other studies with whole blood, the coated—films were incorporated into a touch and drain test device, (Figure 5). In this device, the blood is caused to flow across the surface of the coating—film. The residence time can thus be regulated at will. The color signal of reacted coating—films were monitored by diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry. A McBeth 1500 visible spectrometer was used for measuring color signals. 

FIGURE 10.5 Performance comparison of D-size alkaline-manganese dioxide and zinc-carbon batteries, a) Typical light drain test (30 mA continuous test at 20°C). b) Typical heavy drain test (500 mA continuous test at 20°C). Courtesy of Eveready Battery Company.)... 

The current drain test is commonly employed to determine the current requirement for a coated pipeline. A temporary drain point is set to... 

Table VI shows the water retained in samples [Dunk-N-Drain test] at zero minute and after oven drying at 100 F at different intervals of time up to 150 minutes. Sample 104 retained 54 g of water vs. 0.15 g in control gauze, after drying for 150 minutes. Since the healthy human body temperature is around 98.6 F, we used a drying temperature of 100 F. The test data have shown that the CM-dressings maintain a moist environment at 100 F.

Figure 11.8 Current drain test results for a buried steel pipeline.

CD (consohdation drained test) method used to determine the drained shear strength parameters to analyse long term stability of a soil mass. 

Has the valve reopened fully and was a full flow 2-inch drain test ... 

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