Dog tick

Ineffective at 3 mg/kg BW against fever ticks (Boophilus annulatus, B. microlopus) and the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis). At 5 mg/kg BW, famphur was effective (87-97%) against fever ticks but ineffective against the dog tick. At the highest daily release rate, famphur was 100% effective against fever ticks between days 12 and 41, but remained ineffective against the dog tick... 

Bolus sustained release of 7 mg famphur/kg BW daily Intravenous injection Completely effective against Gulf Coast tick, partial control of lone star tick, ineffective against American dog tick 2... 

At 5 mg/kg BW, famphur caused a significant increase in mortality and decrease in percent egg hatch of adult Gulf Coast ticks and complete control of the bedbug Cimex lectularius). At 7 mg/kg BW daily. Gulf Coast ticks were completely controlled, but dose was ineffective against the lone star tick and the American dog tick... 

Sonenshine DE, Taylor D, Corrigan G (1985) Studies to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Sex Pheromone-Impregnated Formulations for Control of Populations of the American Dog Tick, Dermacentor variabilis (Say) (Acari Ixodidae). Exp Appl Acarol 1 23... 

Synonyms Ricinus communis-, Castor-oil plant Palma christi Koll Moy bean Mole bean Dog tick seeds... 

Gladney, WJ, (1972). insecticides lesied fnr control of rlympbnl brown dog ticks. Psreih. Post 11, 132-134,... 

Xu. G.. Fang, Q. Q., Keirans, J. R and Durden, L. A, (2003). Cloning and sequencing of putative acetylcholinesterase cDNAs from the American dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis. and the brown dog tick, Rhipicephaius sanguineus (Acari Ixodidae)../. Med. EntomoL 40, 890-896. 

Colorado tick fever Disease caused by an orbivirus carried by dog ticks, characterized by headache, backache, and fever. 

Rocky Mountain spotted fever—This rare disease is caused by rickettsia-parasite-infected wood or dog tick bites. If untreated with antibiotics, this disease can be fatal. 

The sex attractant of several tick species have been identified, but only three examples of attempts to apply the attractant have come to our attention. Sonenshine has demonstrated (620) mating disruption by dusting a tick-infested dog with a microencapsulated formulation of the pheromone, 2,6-dichlorophenol the ticks used were the dog tick, Dermacentor variabilis, and the Rocky Mountain wood tick, Dermacentor andersoni. Gladney (621) applied a mixture of pesticide and male extract to a shaved area on the shoulders of cattle and found that the Gulf Coast tick (Amblyoma maculatwn) could be attracted to the spots and killed... 

Repellents Tested with Animal Attractants. Numerous methods have iavolved the use of animals as attractants, foUowed by evaluation of repeUents as skin treatments or attached cloth treatments, often against crawling arthropods such as fleas, ticks, and mites. Animals such as gerbUs, guiaea pigs, camels, mice, shaved rabbits, and hairless dogs have been used, particularly when the toxicity is unknown. 

Ivermectin is used in cattle, sheep and horses at 0.2 mg/kg swine at 0.3 mg/kg dogs at 0.006 mg/kg and man at 0.05 —0.2 mg/kg. It is effective against parasitic nematodes, gmbs, Hce, mites, ticks, and bots. Ivermectin is not active against tapeworms, flatworms, bacteria, or fungi. 

This dosage form will be most familiar to the pharmacist since it is used for companion animals (dogs and cats) and is sold in most drugstores, supermarkets, and animal health product centers. There are two types of flea and tick collars, also known as slow-release pesticide generators vaporous and powder-producing collars. Both contain the insecticide and a plasticized solid thermoplastic resin. 

Ticks and fleas tend to concentrate in or migrate through the neck area of the animal. As they do this, they contact the active pesticide on or released by the collar and are killed. Powder-producing collars have an advantage over vaporous ones in that by the movement of the dog or cat, the powder crystals (bloom) are rubbed or wiped onto the fur, which expands the contact area allowing it to continue to control the ticks and fleas [20]. 

The natural reservoir is ticks. Ticks remain infected for life. Infection is also transferred directly to tick eggs. Rickettsiae not transmitted unless ticks are attached for 4-6 h. May also cause a lethal disease in dogs. This is a biosafety level 3 agent. Can survive for up to 1 year in tick tissue or blood however, quickly inactivated by drying. 

Repellent Repels insects, mites and ticks, or pest vertebrates (dogs, rabbits, deer, birds)... 

There are two principal types of monolithic device. If the active agent is dissolved in the polymer medium, the device is called a monolithic solution. Examples of this type of device are pesticide-containing cat and dog collars to control ticks and fleas. Such devices are often used when the active agent is a liquid some polymers [for example, poly(vinyl chloride)] can easily sorb up to 20 % or more of these liquids. However, if the solubility of the active agent in the... 

Check for ticks often and remove them immediately in the healthiest and safest way possible for the dog or cat using tick tweezers or a nipper. This is a really easy process, and these tools are available everywhere (drug and pet stores, online, etc.). 

For control of ticks flies lice, and mites cattle, sheeps, dogs, poultry Veterinary drug Oral contraceptive... 

Mount, M.E. Moller, G. Cook, J. Holstege, D.M. Richardson, E.R. Ardans, A. Clinical illness associated with a commercial tick and flea product in dogs and cats. Vet. Human. Toxicol. 1991, 33, 19-27. 

Rotenone has been used for centuries as a fish poison. Rotenone is used as an insecticide around the garden to control chewing insects on vegetables, fruits, and forage crops. Rotenone is also used as a dust on cattle and in dog and sheep dip formulations for scabies, chiggers, fleas, ticks, lice, and mange. 

Dogs and cats are commonly poisoned by pesticides, herbicides, household products such as antifreeze, and drugs such as acetaminophen applied by humans to their pets. By far the most common toxicities in these small animals involve various insecticides and the overzealous use of these products by owners attempting to control fleas and ticks on their pets. 

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