Diversification resources

This work was carried out with the strategic guidance and financial support of Penn West Energy Trust, AERI (Alberta Energy Research Institute), Western Economic Diversification Canada, Natural Resources Canada, and the Alberta Government. 

Diversification. First diversification occurs because resources are diverted toward less characteristic functions. Two specific areas where TSCA has had impacts are personnel and products. Research, development, manufacture, process and Industrial Hygiene personnel must meet early in the potential product s life to make predictions concerning areas specific to each. This tends to give anyone present a somewhat broader view of the products with which they are involved. 

Using hydrogen to produce electrical energy from fossil fuels in large centralised plants will contribute positively to achieving important reductions of C02 emissions, if this is combined with C02 capture and sequestration processes. Such plants will also help to increase the diversification of resources, since a variety of fossil feedstocks can be used, including resources such as coal and waste that otherwise cause major impacts on the environment, as well as biomass. 

The use of solar energy is complementary not alternative, to the use of biomass for energy production. In fact, reliance on a few limited sources of energy is detrimental not only to the environment but also to future economic stability. The future lies in diversification of energy sources, tailored to the requirements and resources of each country. 

Wilkinson, T. K. and Landis, D. A. 2005. Habitat diversification in biological control The role of plant resources. In Plant-Provided Food for Carnivorous Insects A Protective Mutualism and Its Applications (Wackers, F. L., van Rijn, P. C. J. and Bruin, J., eds), pp. 305-325. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. 

The diversification of energy sources tailored to the requirements and resources of each country using nature s renewable resources such as the sun (photovoltaics), wind power, geothermal energy and biomass is a definite requirement. If solar cells are chosen to provide an alternative to fossil fuels, significant research work is needed (i) to develop new routes for the production of crystalline silicon, (ii) in the development of amorphous silicon hybrid materials that could result in enhanced efficiencies, (iii) for further development of thin-layer technology, (iv) in concerted efforts for cheaper and more stable dyes, (v) in improving the efficiency of the dye-sensitized cells and (vi) in process development to deliver enhanced device performances, ensure sustainability and reduce production costs on an industrial scale. 

Metzger, J.O. U. Bornscheuer. Lipids as renewable resources Current state of chemical and biotechnological conversion and diversification. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2006, 71, 13-22. 

Perhaps the most compelling case for centralized production is that it would allow for greater diversification in terms of energy feedstocks, decreasing the vulnerability of the transportation sector through resource diversification. Of course, if there is a clear economic winner, such as coal gasification, then diversification may not happen. 

The agricultural assumptions and indicators depend on the actual and projected resources, including arable land, harvested land, irrigated land, cropping intensity, available labor, level of mechanization of agricultural labor, crop diversification related to the kind and number of livestock, permanent crops, etc. 

Reliable estimates of future supplies remain difficult to obtain due to the lack of information on the ecology of new sites, the productivity of the local Artemia population, and on technical and economic studies related to accessibility, sustainable quantities, characteristics of the resource relevant to larviculture, etc. (see for example Marden et al, 2012). Diversification of resources remains a most important issue, along with the further rationalization of the use of Artemia. As a net result of all the factors that play on the aquaculture market, the global demand for cysts, currently -2500-3000 tons/year, is expected to increase further. China is the main consumer (and will continue to be so) with an annual consumption of -1500 tons, of which about one half is imported from Russia and Kazakhstan and the other half produced domestically (mainly from inland lakes Bohai Bay has had a relatively stable production over the past years of about 400 tons of raw product). 

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