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Disinfection by-products DBP

Weinberg HS, Krasner SW, Richardson SD, Thruston AD Jr (2002) The occurrence of disinfection by-products (DBPs) of health concern in drinking water results of a nationwide DBP occurrence study. EPA/600/R02/068. Available at www.epa.gov/athens/publications/ reports/EP A 600 R02 068.pdf... [Pg.127]

Chlorate and chlorite ions are disinfection by-products (DBPs) from water treatment using chlorine dioxide. Table 6-2 contains data from four water treatment facilities in the United States that use chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant. Source water samples were also analyzed from each facility and no chlorite or chlorate ions were detected. In all water treatment plants, water taken from the distribution system (i.e., water sampled at water treatment plant) had measurable concentrations of both chlorite and chlorate ions. The ranges of concentrations were 15-740 and 21-330 pg/L for chlorite and chlorate, respectively (Bolyard et al. 1993). [Pg.100]

Disinfection by-products (DBPs) form an undesired species in the chlorine disinfection processes of waters (performed with chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chloramines). The high priority DBPs include brominated, chlorinated, and iodinated species of halomethanes, brominated, and chlorinated forms of haloacetonitriles, haloketones, haloacids, and halonitromethanes, as well as analogues of 3-chloro-(4-dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5//)-furanone. All the high priority DBPs included in the Nation-wide DBP occurrence study are listed in Table 18.1 together with other contaminants. [Pg.549]

H. S. Weinberg, S.W. Krasner, S.D. Richardson, A.D. Thruston, Jr., The Occurrence of Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) of Health Concern in Drinking Water Results of a Nationwide DBP Occnrrence Study, EPA/600/R02/068, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposnre Research Laboratory, Athens, GA, 2002. [Pg.558]

All water sources may contain natural organic matter, but concentrations (usually measured as dissolved organic carbon, DOC) differ from 0.2 to more than 10 mg L l. NOM is a direct quality problem due to its color and odor, but more important are indirect problems, such as the formation of organic disinfection by-products (DBPs, e. g. M -halomethanes (THMs) due to chlorination), support of bacterial regrowth in the distribution system, disturbances of treatment efficiency in particle separation, elevated requirements for coagulants and oxidants or reductions in the removal of trace organics during adsorption and oxidation, etc. [Pg.24]

DOM is ubiquitous in rivers, lakes, groundwater, and oceans. It therefore plays a dominant role in the biosphere as well as in treatment of fresh water, for industrial use and human consumption. The main aspects in addition to the function as microbial nutrients are (a) the interactions with other water constituents like metals and xenobiotics and (b) the reactions with chemicals that are used for water disinfection (e.g., chlorine). The latter leads to the problem of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation, which is of toxicological relevance. [Pg.389]

It was discovered in the 1970s that chlorination of raw water high in organic content and/or infused with seawater results not only in the disinfection of water, but also in the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). These include trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), and haloacetonitriles (HANs) J55-56 These chemicals are individually toxic at high concentrations and can cause cancer, liver disease, kidney disease, birth defects, and reproductive failuresJ57 59 ... [Pg.95]

The application of O3 in drinking water treatment is prevalent because of its capability of disinfection and oxidation. Ozone, as a disinfectant, is unstable in water and undergoes reactions with water components, whereas O3 decomposes to OH so that advanced oxidation occurs. Unfortunately, undesired oxidation/ disinfection by-products (DBPs) can be formed from... [Pg.45]

Treatment aims to meet drinking water guidelines. The removal of disinfection by-products (DBPs) and biodegradable organics are primary targets. Taste and odour compounds are also important. [Pg.32]

Amy G. Jacangelo J., Odem W., Adams J. (1993a), Membrane separation of disinfection by-product (DBP) Precursors The U.S. Experience, Chapter 15, Drinking Water QuaUty Management, Technomic Publishing, 291-311. [Pg.374]

A large number of pubUcations have resulted from research on environmental appHcations of GC-MS. The compounds most commonly analyzed include alkanes, PAHs, pesticides, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including off-flavor and water disinfection by-products (DBPs), PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, and furans (PCDDs/Fs), as well as other ED chemicals such as phthalates and short ethoxy alkylphenol ethoxylate. GC-MS is also the technique of choice for the analysis of emerging contaminants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) or polychlorinated alkanes, as well as for the analysis of some pharmaceuticals and organo-metallic compounds. [Pg.2919]

Table 3 High-priority disinfection by-products (DBPs)... Table 3 High-priority disinfection by-products (DBPs)...
The advantages of using chloramination for disinfection rest primarily on the diminished capabihty of chloramine to form hazardous disinfection by-products (DBP) relative to chlorination. Limitations to chloramination include the following ... [Pg.218]

Chlorine dioxide is also an oxidizing biocide. Over the last 20 to 30 years, its use has increased significantly for disinfection, color reduction, and taste and odor control. While it minimizes the production of THMs by oxidizing the THM precursors, it does form chlorite and chlorate, both of which are considered disinfection by-products (DBPs). Note that the EPA has established a maximum contaminant level goal (MCLG) for chlorite of 0.8 ppm because 75% of chlorine dioxide that is applied to water forms chlorite, the maximum chlorine dioxide concentration allowable is... [Pg.218]

Sadiq, R. Rodriguez, M. 2004. Disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water and predictive models for their occurrence a review. Science of the Total Environment 321 21-46. [Pg.725]

Advanced treatment processes are required to remove microorganisms, disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors, synthetic organic chemicals (SOCs), susp ded and colloidal particles, natural organic matter, and salts from drinking water supplies. Microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltiation (UF) are low-pressure membrane processes that can be applied to remove microorganisms and suspended and colloidal particles. Classification of membrane technologies based on their pore size and the size of particles and molecules retained is illustrated in Figure 6.1. [Pg.131]


See other pages where Disinfection by-products DBP is mentioned: [Pg.142]    [Pg.42]    [Pg.157]    [Pg.154]    [Pg.695]    [Pg.151]    [Pg.189]    [Pg.244]    [Pg.388]    [Pg.1355]    [Pg.38]    [Pg.135]    [Pg.432]    [Pg.403]    [Pg.1936]    [Pg.398]    [Pg.110]    [Pg.111]   


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