Air quality directive

Air Quality Directive Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe... 

UK Representation to the EU Brussels (2010) Letter from 3 May 2010 concerning Air Quality Directive 2008/50/EC. Greater London agglomeration zone, UK exemption until 2011 from the obligation to apply the daily limit values for PM10. Ref. Ares(2010)246219 - 07/05/2010... 

Once the emission factors and their variability are estimated, dispersion models can be used in order to enable point data to be interpreted in terms of geographical distribution of source contributions, as suggested by the Air Quality Directive (2008/50/EC). This could serve as a basis for calculating the collective exposure of the population living in the area and for assessing air quality with respect to the limit values. Dispersion models are based on the use of meteorological data, modules to account with physico-chemical processes occurring in the atmosphere and EFs. 

An example of an evaluation undertaken according to this protocol is for the measurement of benzene in ambient air by tube type samplers subject to thermal desorption (EN, 2005b) and samplers subject to solvent desorption (EN, 2005a). These standards were developed specifically to provide measurement methods meeting requirements for checking compliance with the air quality standard for benzene set by the European Ambient Air Quality Directive (Directive 96/62/EC, 1996). Evaluation of published data concerning the samplers under the test conditions enabled an evaluation of the expanded relative uncertainty of measurement at a limit value (5 pgnT3) for benzene in air and for solvent and thermally desorbed samplers a value of 13.4% was obtained. 

The air quality directive of the European commission demands maps on concentrations and exceedances in different detail. For this purpose numerical models can be used. Some model systems are already adjusted to deliver the corresponding maps. For instance, the model system M-SYS consists of three mesoscale and one microscale model areas and applies one-way-nesting for meteorology and chemistry (Trukenmiiller et al. 2004). 

The initial direction of transport of pollutants from their source is determined by the wind direction at the source. Air pollutant concentrations from point sources are probably more sensitive to wind direction than any other parameter. If the wind is blowing directly toward a receptor (a location receiving transported pollutants), a shift in direction of as little as 5° (the approximate accuracy of a wind direction measurement) causes concentrations at the receptor to drop about 10% under unstable conditions, about 50% under neutral conditions, and about 90% under stable conditions. The direction of plume transport is very important in source impact assessment where there are sensitive receptors or two or more sources and in trying to assess the performance of a model through comparison of measured air quality with model estimates. 

Modeling a single parcel of air as it is being moved along allows the chemical reactions in the parcel to be modeled. A further advantage of trajectory models is that only one trajectory is required to estimate the concentration at a given endpoint. This minimizes calculation because concentrations at only a limited number of points are required, such as at stations where air quality is routinely monitored. Since wind speed and direction at the top and the bottom of the column are different, the column is skewed from the vertical. However, for computational purposes, the column is usually assumed to remain vertical and to be moved at the wind speed and direction near the surface. This is acceptable for urban application in the daytime, when winds are relatively uniform throughout the lower atmosphere. 

If available government agencies do not have personnel with the appropriate skills to assist in solving your lAQ problem, they may be able to direct you to firms in your area with experience in indoor air quality work. Note that even certified professionals from disciplines closely related to lAQ issues (such as industrial hygienists, ventilation engineers, and toxicologists) may not have the specific... 

What instruments would you use to measure air flow direction and intensity in an indoor air quality audit. 

We direct attention to procedures for estimating the air quality impact of stationary sources based on an approach developed by the US EPA. 

Perceived Visual Air Quality (PVAQ) an index that relates directly to how human observers perceive changes in visual air quality. 

The Clean Air Act is the comprehensive Federal law that regulates air en stationary, and mobile sources. This law authorizes the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public health and the environment. The goal of the Act was to set and achieve NAAQS in every state by 1975. This ng of maximum pollutant standards was coupled with directing the states to develop state... 

The experiments show that it is impossible to make a simple design of the opening to improve the air quality in the room. A proper solution should have been chosen in the design phase ot the machine. It would, for example, be obvious to reverse the direction of the airflow and extract the air from the room through the machine. 

Directs national efforts to meet air quality goals, particularly for smog, air toxics, carbon monoxide, lead, particulate matter (soot and dust), sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. The office is responsible for more than half of the guidance documents, regulations, and regulatory activities required by the Clean Air Act Amendments of1990. 

The quality of the air supply directly affects the output, efficiency and life of the engine. The requirement of the induction system must therefore be to supply the engine with clean dry air close to ambient temperature conditions. Oil bath or dry (paper element) filters are adequate for low dust concentration conditions. However, as the dust burden of the air increases, centrifugal pre-cleaners become... 

EC Directive levels for SO2, NOx and lead have recently been incorporated into UK legislation in the form of the Air Quality Standards Regulations 1989. SO2 is generated when high-sulfur fossil fuels are burned. It is thus a factor of the amount of coal and heavy oil (predominantly) being burned. 

The use of direct steam injection into air is a common method of increasing humidity levels for both commercial and industrial applications. The process kills most types of bacteria and similar organisms that may contribute to fouling, health, or other indoor air quality (IAQ) problems. Where amines are present in the steam, however, even small concentrations can be detected by their odor and may be objectionable, even though they may be well under guidelines for concentrations in air. 

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