Discharge detector

Pulsatile drug delivery systems, 9 57-61 Pulsating heat pipes (PHP), 13 235-236 Pulse combustion heat sources, 9 104-105 Pulse cycles, 9 778 Pulsed baffle reactors, 15 709-710 Pulsed discharge detector (PDD) gas chromatography, 4 614 Pulsed dye lasers, 23 144 Pulsed electrochemical machining (PECM), 9 604-605... 

Richardson, B. J., Narain, C. Some notes on the direct current discharge detector. 

Fisher, E. R., Me Carty, M. Highly sensitive electric discharge detector for chromatographic analysis. Anal. Chem. 37, 1208 (1965). 

Forsyth, D.S., Taylor, J. Detection of organotin, organomercury, and organolead compounds with a pulsed discharge detector (PDD). Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 374, 344-347 (2002)... 

The pulsed helium discharge detector [7,8] is an extension of the helium detector, a diagram of which is shown in figure 11. 

The Pulsed Hehum Discharge Detector Courtesy of Valeo Instruments Company Inc. 

The Separation of Some Aromatic Hydrocarbons Monitored by the Pulsed Helium Discharge Detector... 

The response of the radio frequency discharge detector was reported as 10 mV for a concentration change of 10 g/ml of methyl laureate. The noise level was reported to be 0.05 mV, which would give the minimum detectable concentration for a signal-to-noise ratio of 2 as about 6 x iQ- g/ml. This detector operated at atmospheric pressure and so no vacuum system was required. The effect of temperature on the detector performance was not reported, nor was its linearity over a significant concentration range. This detector was not made available commercially. 

The Simple or Macro Argon Detector Sensor The Micro Argon Detector The Triode Detector The Thermal Argon Detector The Helium Detector The Pulsed Helium Discharge Detector The Electron Capture Detector The Pulsed Discharge Electron Capture Detector References Chapter 7... 

The selectivity of the technique was measured by Feldman and Batistoni by chromatography of a silylized mixture of phenylarsonic acid, nonanoic acid, undecanoic acid and three aliphatic hydrocarbons. In each case a flame ionization detection trace was obtained simultaneously with the glow discharge detector trace. The selectivity of a given Si or As line was defined as the ratio of the peak height obtained per gram atom of carbon in the form of the interfering compound tested. 

Figure 22 shows results obtained in the gas chromatography of a silylated mixture of aliphatic acids, phenylarsenic acid and hydrocarbons using a flame ionization detector and a glow discharge detector set at the silicon and arsenic wavelengths. 

TABLE 18. Limits of detection for various elements using the helium glow discharge detector (preliminary values) ... 

FIGURE 22. Gas chromatograms of a silylated mixture of aliphatic acids, phenylarsonic acid and hydrocarbons. Top curve flame ionization detector (FID). Centre and bottom curves glow discharge detector (GDD), with monochromator set as indicated. Reprinted with permission from Reference 161. Copyright (1977) American Chemical Society... 

Fig.l The discharge ionization detector (courtesy of GOW-M AC Instruments) and the pulsed helium discharge detector (courtesy of Valeo Instruments). 

Another detector selected for its compactness and its orthogonality with respect to GC and MS, is spectro-chemical or optical emission as generated, e.g., by micro discharge detectors (MDD). Figure 9.3.6 presents photos of such emission for both in CO2 and in He (at left) and a cross section on an envisioned MDD structure, coupled into a linear-filter-based micro-spectrometer, which is compact but not efficient. 

Detection systems for GC are chosen for their sensitivity and selectivity for a particular class of VOCs. Detectors for GC include FID, the BCD, the photoionization detector (PID), the pulsed discharge detector (PDD), and the reduction gas detector (RGD). A variety of mass spectrometers can also be interfaced with a GC for confirmation of molecular structure and quantitation. Singlewavelength ultraviolet-visible detectors (190 to 600 nm) and diode array detectors are used to detect carbonyls as their 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivatives. The absorption maxima for aliphatic carbonyls, aromatic carbonyls, and dicarbonyls are near 360 nm, 385 to 390 nm, and 415 to 430 nm, respectively. Formic, acetic, and pyruvic acid are detected by ion conductivity. 

Gras, R., Luong, J., Monagle, M., and Winniford, B., Gas chromatographic applications with the dielectric barrier discharge detector, J. Chromatogr Sci., 44,101-107, 2006. 

---