Digestion production

Cultured buttermilk is that which is produced by the fermentation (qv) of skimmed milk often with some cream added. The principal fermentation organisms used are l ctococcus lactis suhsp. cremoris l ctococcus lactis suhsp. lactis and l euconostoc citrovorum. The effect of the high processing temperature and the lactic acid provide an easily digestible product. 

Anti-complementary activity of enzymic digestion products from the pectins of Angelica acutiloba... 

CarboPak PA-1249 Sodium acetate-NaOH Dextrin digestion products... 

Attention. In pursuing high ee of the digested products (more reactive enantiomers) under kinetically resolving conditions, termination of the reaction at the proper conversion is very important. When the relationship between conversion and ees of the digested product and of the unaffected substrate was calculated using the mathematical model of Chen et al., it was predicted that 80 % conversion should be the critical point, as depicted in Figure 5.3, which corroborated the empirical results mentioned in steps 2 and 3. 

For the reasons stated above, deep intrusion of degrading microbes into polysaccharide-plastic films is demonstrably and theoretically improbable. Since starch removal does occur when the films are buried in soil, the primary mechanism must be microbial production of amylase in or near a pore, diffusion of the enzyme into pores and diffusion of soluble digestion products back to the surface where they are metabolized (Figure 3). This mechanism would be the only choice when the pore diameter is too small to admit a microbial cell (i.e., at diameters < 0.5 /im). An alternative mechanism could be diffusion of a water-soluble polysaccharide to the film surface, at which point degradation would occur. None of the materials used in these investigations showed loss of starch even when soaked in water for extended periods with microbial inhibitors present. Therefore, diffusion of amylase to the substrate rather than diffusion of the substrate to the film surface is the more likely mechanism. 

Specific Diffusion-based Limitations to Decay. If microbial colonization is confined to the surface of materials, the decay rate will inevitably be lower than seen where proximity between substrate and microbial cells is possible because enzymes produced by the cell and soluble products formed by enzymatic attack must diffuse a considerable distance. For example, if closer contact between the starch face and fungus were possible than seen in Figure 2, uptake of starch digestion products would occur at the growing tip and translocation within the mycelium by active transport would be possible. This... 

Another popular technique for endophyte identification is RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism).In this technique, nuclear or mitochondrial DNA is extracted from the endophyte and digested with restriction endonucleases. The digestion products are separated by gel electrophoresis, and a unique pattern emerges for the fungus, similar to the patterns seen in the RAPD-PCR technique. 

Verma and McCalla ( ) studied the action of pepsin, papain and a commercial fungal protease on wheat gluten. All enzymes acted effectively on dispersed gluten however, the action of different enzymes produced different types of digestion products. Depending upon desired handling characteristics of bread doughs prepared from treated wheat flour, various types of protease treatments can be selected. 

The product of the pol gene (reverse transcriptase) is translated as a larger polyprotein, on the same mRNA that is used for the gag protein alone (see Fig. 26-30). The polyprotein, or gag-pol protein, is then trimmed to the mature reverse transcriptase by proteolytic digestion. Production of the polyprotein requires a translational frameshift in the overlap region to allow the ribosome to bypass the UAG termination codon at the end of the gag gene (shaded pink in Fig. 1). 

Since gel permeation discrimination depends on Re, it is apparent that dramatically enhanced resolution is obtainable in 6M GuHCl. This factor has led to the use of this technique for analysis of such complex mixtures as proteolytic digestion products (12,13) and red cell membrane proteins (14). An added dividend of the method is recovery of the isolated polypeptide components for further physical or chemical studies. 

Cleavage is usually incomplete with NTCB, and a complete spectrum of partial digestion products is produced It is necessary to work out a theoretical fingerprint for each epitope location and compare them with the experimental result (see Fig. 1)... 

The base specificity has been extensively investigated by the 3 -terminal analysis of digestion products of RNA and polyribonucleotides and by the studies on the susceptibility of dinucleoside monophosphates or nucleoside 2, 3 -cyclic phosphates to the enzyme. The results are summarized in Table V (24-87). From the base specificity study, the es-... 

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