Dietary supplements categories

Echinacea is sold as a dietary supplement in the United States and as natural health products in Canada, while in Germany and many European countries, Echinacea products are sold as drugs in pharmacies (Bauer, 2000). There are a number of products on the market, which include dried herbal and root, alcohol tinctures and extracts, and expressed juice products, thus, standardization would be a difficult task. However, regulation would be less difficult because all of these products would fall under a dietary supplements category. 

APPROACH TO IN VITRO DISSOLUTION IN DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS... 

As already discussed, the same cannot be said for natural products used as dietary supplements. In most cases, those drugs have not heen subjected to the programs of testing required for FDA approval. As a result, products may pose a hazard to human health. Those hazards usually fall into one of four categories (1) the product may prevent a person from receiving other forms of FDA-approved medication that may he more beneficial to them (2) it may interact with other herbal medicines, prescribed drugs, and over-the-counter medications, with harmful effects (3) it may have no effect at all on a person s health or well-being or (4) it may actually cause harm to a person s health. 

Various calcium sails and organic compounds lull into this category of dietary supplements and are frequently used in feeds and foods. Some of the more Important additives include calcium carbonate, calcium glycerophosphate, calcium phosphate (di- and monobasic), calcium pyrophosphate, calcium sulfate, and calcium pantothenate. 

The terms retinal responder and nonresponder were introduced by Hammond et al.35 to reflect differences in the magnitude of MP increases that resulted from dietary supplementation. Obviously, the term nonresponse only refers to that response seen within the context of the study. So-called nonresponders obviously responded at some point in their lives or they would have no measurable amounts of MP. Retinal response to LZ supplementation is probably better regarded as reflecting a continuum of differences rather than simply two categories of response. The most that can be definitively said at this time is that there is clearly variability in response to supplementation and that the causes for these differences are not known. 

In terms of botanical products, where does a dietary supplement fit into the spectrum of use in the United States See Figure 13.9. The same botanical parent can yield derivative products that can be marketed and therefore regulated in many categories (Figure 13.10). In the United States, botanicals can be regulated as (1) foods conventional foods, functional foods, spices, dietary supplements (2) drugs ... 

Are expectations of quality and level of standardization different for marketing a botanical product for various categories of uses Drugs, dietary supplements, and food products are required to meet Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs), but dietary supplements and food products are required only to be relatively free of contaminants and adulterants. Drugs must also demonstrate consistency, potency, and purity. 

Products used for a therapeutic purpose are categorised as medicines, related products, herbal remedies or mediccil devices. Definitions of other categories (e.g., cosmetics, dietary supplements, herbal remedies, etc.) are also provided in the legislation and official standards and are further described in various guidelines. 

The team is responsible for operating the Categorisation Committee, which comprises members of Medsafe and the Foods Section of the MOH. The committee is convened when required to consider whether a product is covered by the provisions of the medicines or foods legislation and into which category (e.g., medicine, related product or dietary supplement) the product would fit. A guideline has been prepared by Medsafe to assist sponsor companies in this area (See Appendix 1). 

Indications Medicinal food for management of patients with low plasma and/or low red blood cell folate, antidepressant Category Dietary supplement Trimonoamine modulator Half-life N/A... 

From the FDA regulatory perspective, all substances that influence our health can be divided into two groups food and drugs, with food further divided into conventional food and dietary supplements (Fig. 1). Despite the fact that many terms are used to describe nutritional substances that influence health, each of these terms fits into one of these categories. When viewed in this way, healthcare professionals will be less susceptible to the vague claims that tend to characterize this growing field. ... 

Table 1 Categories of healthful foods and dietary supplements...

Dietary supplements are products containing a broad category of nutrients and other bioactive substances that contribute significantly to total dietary intakes. Their formulations vary from single components to combinations of many different vitamins and elements. They are typically taken by mouth as a pill, capsule, tablet, liquid, or powder. 

Dietary supplements may be grouped into three major categories related to dietary function or origin (1) substances with established nutritional function, such as vitamins and minerals, (2) other substances with a wide variety of origins and physiologic roles (comprising ergogenic supplements), and (3) botanical products and their concentrates and extracts. " ... 

In the USA, claims on foods and dietary supplements can belong to three different categories nutrient content claims, structure/function claims and health claims. 

The term supplement has various regulatory meanings in various jurisdictions. The U.S. FDA, acting under the 1994 Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, defines a supplement as a product for supplementing the diet, and that can consist of vitamins, minerals, herbs, botanicals, or amino acids. Other countries define the term within the drugs category. Various classes of supplements for the U.S. diet are subject to U.S. FDA control actions. These include vitamins and energy supplements. 

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