Developing countries activity

In summary, heat-driven cycles for cooling or heat pumping can have energy saving and environmental benefits. There are also niche applications in developing countries or remote areas. Adsorption cycles using active carbons are one of a number of approaches that might be economically viable. 

Solar energy is used worldwide in many applications, from niche markets in developed countries to primai y village power in rural and developing communities. Its atti activeness can be attributed to several factors ... 

During the forties and fifties, episodes of severe air pollution occurred In a number of urban and Industrial areas. They were responsible for 111 health and In some cases caused death among the populations concerned. As the scientific and public Information base on the adverse effects of urban air pollution Increased, so did public demand for control measures. As a result, many Industrial countries Introduced comprehensive air pollution control laws at various times from the mid-fifties onwards. Industrial response to these laws led to the application of control techniques which effectively reduced the emissions of some pollutants. However there are other sources and factors which can obscure the benefits of these control actions. For example, consider urban growth. In 1980 there were 35 cities with populations over 4 million. By the year 2000 this number will nearly double to 66, and by the 2025, this number will more than double to an estimated 135 (9). In developing countries, from 1980 to the year 2000, It Is estimated that twice as many people will live In cities of a total population of 1 million or more In Latin America (101 million to 232 million) and East Asia (132 million to 262 million). Three times as many people will live In cities of 1 million or more In South Asia (106 million to 328 million) and four times as many In Africa (36 million to 155 million) (10). Accompanying this rapid growth are Increases In Industrial activity... 

Iyengar V, Wole W (1998) Global activities in the world of reference materials including the needs for developing countries. Fresenius [ Anal Chem 360 282-286. 

Helicobacter pylori normally resides in the human stomach and is transmitted via the fecal-oral route or through ingestion of fecal-contaminated water or food. Infection with HP is more common in developing countries because of crowded conditions and the presence of contaminated food and water. HP colonization does not necessarily reflect an active infection since the organism can attach itself to the gastric epithelium... 

Participatory Approaches inclusive of all stakeholders—both before an activity is initiated and throughout (e.g., women in developing countries). 

Although China has officially banned e-waste importation, such ban in some cases has resulted in underground illegal e-waste trading activities. In fact, e-waste problems are not limited to China alone other developing countries such as India, Cambodia, Indonesia, Pakistan, Thailand, and Nigeria also have to deal with similar issues [2, 5]. 

In the United States and in other developed countries, modern technology allows people to be less active in their daily tasks, since many things today are automated and do not require manual labor. For example, years ago people walked to most places. Today, people have access to cars and public transportation to take them to these same places, thus limiting the need for physical activity. 

There is no doubt that the eating patterns and physical activity of the adult have a direct effect on the prevalence of nontransmittable chronic illnesses. In recent decades, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer, hypertension, and diabetes, among others, has steadily increased, making these diseases the priority for health care systems in many countries, especially in developed countries. 

Freshwaters are an essential resource which must be available not only in the required quantity but also in a precise quality. Nevertheless, in the last years, this quality has been threatened as a consequence of the increasing industrial activity, population growth and agricultural practices. In fact, only less than 1% of the world s freshwater resources are readily available for human use, and even this resource is unevenly distributed among the countries. A lack of water to meet daily needs is a reality for many people around the world, and water scarcity already affects every continent. In the underdeveloped countries, water scarcity forces people to rely on unsafe sources of drinking water. In the developed countries, this problem is much less critical where contamination of drinking water is the adverse... 

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