Detonator stability

Detonation Stability , Ibid, pp 711-21 22) R.W. Watson, "The Structure of Low-Velocity Detonation Waves , Ibid, pp 723-29 23) R.W. Woolfolk A.B. Amster,... 

Pukhnachev (Ref 26) made a stability analysis of Chapman-Jouguet detonations to clarify the development of spinning detonations. The phenomena leading to them cannot be described by solution of simple hydrodynamic and reaction-kinetic equations for flat detonation fronts. The analysis was based on previous detonation stability analyses by Shchelkin et al with constant supersonic flow postulated along the z-axis at z <0. There is a sharp discontinuity at z=0, followed by the combustion zone. 

Impact Sensitivity. 21 inches Rifle Bullet Impact. No detonation Stability. Stable, does not react with metals... 

Kamlet, M.J. and Adolph, H.G., Some Comments Regarding the Sensitivities, Thermal Stabilities, and Explosive Performance Characteristics of Fluorodi-nitromethyl Compounds, in Seventh Symposium (International) on Detonation, NSWC MP 82-334 (edited by Short, J.M.), Naval Surface Weapons Center, White Oak, Silver Spring, MD, 1982, pp. 84-92. 

Reactivity (instability) information Acceleration rate calorimetry Differential thermal analysis (DTA) Impact test Thermal stability Lead block test Explosion propagation with detonation Drop weight test Thermal decomposition test Influence test Self-acceleration temperature Card gap test (under confinement) JANAE Critical diameter Pyrophoricity... 

Chemical Reactivity - Reactivity with Water No reaction Reactivity with Common Materials No reaction Stability During Transport Normally unstable but will be detonate Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics Wash with water, rinse with sodium bicarbonate solution Polymerization May occur in contact with acids, iron salts, or at elevated temperatures and release high energy rapidly may cause explosion under confinement Inhibitor of Polymerization Monomethyl ether of hydroquinone 180-200 ppm phenothiazine (for tech, grades) 1000 ppm hydroquinone (0.1 %) methylene blue (0.5... 

Chemical Reactivity - Reactivity with Water No reaction Reactivity with Common Materials Reacts with oxidizing materials Stability During Transport May detonate when heated under confinement Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics Not pertinent Polymerization Not pertinent Inhibitor of Polymerization Not pertinent. 

The 1,2,3,4-thiatriazoles are unstable. They decompose on heating— in some cases even at room temperature—and in many cases they melt with detonation. Accordingly the Ng-group has not been stabilized much by ring closure. The compounds behave in this respect similarly to azides and this fact doubtlessly delayed the recognition of their true nature. On heating with a solvent the thermal decomposition of 5-aryl-1,2,3,4-thiatriazoles proceeds according to Eq. (4). By the photochemical decomposition small amounts of the isothiocyanate, RNCS, are formed in addition to the nitrile. ... 

TNT Al wax 47 31 22 5). Three MEDINA-contg formulations were compared with std expls in plate dent, air blast, underwater blast, and fragn tests. MEDINA showed a 4% improvement over RDX in shaped charge penetration (Ref 14). MEDINA was tested as a detonator fill, but was unsatisfactory due to poor stability (Ref 14)... 

It is an expl, more powerful than TNT (about 133% by Ballistic Mortar), and comparable to Tetryl in sensitivity. Its Vel of Deton is 7420 m/sec at d 1.5g/cc, and 5490m/sec at d l.Og/cc. Qc is about 380kcal/mole. It is practically non-hygroscopic and its thermal stability is satisfactory. Has been used by DuPont Co as a base charge for some detonators Refs I) Beil — not found 2) H. Biltz et al, JPraktChem 142, 193-200 (1935) CA 29, 3652 (1935) 3) Anon, Report on Nitro-... 

PA. Rifle bullet impact in welded cans gave 4/4 high order detonations. Thermal stability at 135°, acid in 15—30 minutes at 82.2° heat test, 10 minutes at 82.2°. This material and its homologs from other aliphatic nitro compounds and aldehydes have been suggested as substitutes for NG... 

Power. About 135% of TNT in BalMort Test about 160% of TNT in Trauzl Lead Block Test Rifle Bullet Test. High order detonations Thermal Stability. 9 to 30 minutes in 82.2°... 

Its rate of deton is comparable to that of LA and its thermal stability is quite good (no weight loss at 80° for several days). It bums in air, producing a hot flame... 

Heat Test. Loss 1st 48 hrs 0,07% loss 2nd 48 hrs 0.00% explosion in 100 hrs none Hygroscopicity. % wt gain at 30°, 90% RH trace Vacuum Stability Test, cc/40 hrs at 90° none 100° none 120° 0.11 Sand Bomb Test (200g). 16.3 g sand Sensitivity to Initiation. Minimum detonating charge, g LA 0.20 Tetryl 0.25 Solubility. g/lOOcc solvent in water at 100° 0.10 NB at 150°, <15. Sol in acet ac, nitric acid, caustic potash v sol in dimethyl form-amide insol in ethyl ale, benz, butyl acetate, CC14 ethyl ether (Ref 6)... 

With regard to pro pints, brisance, power and detonation velocity are not tested. It is, however, necessary to determine the burning rate, press developed on burning, vol of gas evolved, calorific value, thermal stability, etc. If one is... 

Generally not shock sens deton on heating peroxy formic and acetic acids can explode at —20° stability increases as mw increases... 

Ballistic Strength. 100% T NT (BuM ine s) Explosion Temperature. Does not expld or ignite at 360° or below Heat of Combustion. 8l8.1kcal/mole Hygroscopicity. Practically none Impact Sensitivity. Comparable to TNT Power. By Trauzl test, 103% TNT Rifle Bullet Test. No detonations from impact of. 30 cal bullet at 90 ft Thermal Stability. Unsatisfactory, loses 49% of wt in 48 hrs at 75° (International Test) Velocity of Detonation. No information Salts of (m-Nitrophenyll-dinitromethane. Milone and Massa (Ref 2) prepd several metallic salts and found that their expl power decreased with increasing atomic v/t of the metal Following are some of the expl salts K salt—yel crysts ... 

It is an expl, having a ballistic strength of 114% (TNT=100) impact sensitivity-less sensitive than TNT friction sensitivity—no detonations ignition temp—270° practically non-hygroscopic and of satisfactory thermal stability Refs 1) Beil—not found 2) L.F. Fieser et... 

Effect of heat. When anhydrous, it detonates at about 210°. The material with one H20 deflagrates about 230°, when heated slowly, as compared to 275—290° for Pb Styphnate. Contact with flame or a red-hot wire results in immediate detonation if the material is dry, but when wet it is difficult to detonate or ignite Thermal stability and volatility. No loss in wt was observed when stored for 300 days at 50° for 150 days at 70°, or 50 days at 90° Hygroscopicity. More hygroscopic than Pb Styphnate. When stored at 90% RH for Q days it absorbed 0.24% moisture, and for 20 days, 0.90% moisture... 

Sensitivity to Impact. Less sensitive thaii NG Stability. 60 minutes+ in 71° KI test Velocity of Detonation. 6885m/sec and 2000 m/sec ( ), as detd in 10mm ID glass tubes with 1 mm wall (Ref 8)... 

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