Phosphate detergents

As of the mid-1990s all commercial phosphoms is manufactured at a few sites around the world. Significant production occurs in Idaho and Montana in the United States, in the Netherlands, in Kazakstan, and in China smaller production occurs in Prance, Russia, and India. A large amount of furnace capacity has been shut down worldwide because of cost pressure from electric power costs, phosphate derived from purified wet acid, and detergent phosphate bans legislated in the Western World. However, as of late 1995, additional production is stiU being brought on line in China. 

Food phosphates Industrial phosphates Detergent phosphates Pharmaceuticals... 

Detergents, Phosphates and Environmental Control, a report by Economics Laboratory Inc., St. Paul, Sept. 12, 1970. 

Large volumes of soap are used in industrial applications as gelling agents lor kerosene, paint driers, and as surfactants in emulsion polymerization. See also Soaps. Concern over water eutrophication resulted in a ban of phosphorus in laundry detergents. Phosphates have been effectively replaced by combinations of zeolite, citrate, and polymers, coupled with rebalanced synthetic active systems. Soap itself is generally present only as a minor component of surfactants. 

This compound has been widely used in Canada as a substitute for detergent phosphates to bind to calcium ion and make the detergent solution basic. NTA is used in metal plating formulations. 

Deselex. [Guedian Labs] Detergent phosphate replacen nt... 

Tetradecenyl succinic anhydride raw material, detergents, phosphate-containing DEA-dodecylbenzene sulfonate raw material, detergents controlled-foam Talloweth-20 Talloweth-30 raw material, diethyl benzene Ethylbenzene raw material, dishwashing Coceth-27 Laureth-2 Laureth-3 Laureth-4 Sodium lauroamphoacetate raw material, dispersants Amyl acid phosphate 2-Ethylhexyl phosphate Octyl phenyl acid phosphate Phenyl acid phosphate raw material, dyeing PEG-8 cocam ine raw material, dyeing assistants C13-15 amine raw material, dyes... 

Typical examples of analytical applications of conventional MECA include the determination of saccharin (sulfur-containing sweetener) in soft drinks, total sulfur and sulfate in detergents, phosphate in detergents and rocks, sulfur dioxide in air, inorganic sulfate in urine, and halides in pesticides. 

Orthophosphoric acid, H3PO4, lies at the start of the main commercial route to all manufactured phosphorus compounds (Figure 12.1). Furnace acid is used mostly for food phosphate production while both furnace acid and purified wet process acid are used for detergent phosphate manufacture. The acid itself has many direct applications, which are discnssed below. 

G.R. Alexander Jr and D.A. Walgren, Detergent Phosphate Ban, US Environment Protection Agency, Region 5, Chicago, 1977. 

This compound can be used as a substitute for detergent phosphates to hind to calcium ion and make the detergent solution basic. NTA is used in metal plating formulations. It is highly water-soluble and quickly eliminated with urine when ingested. It has a low acute toxicity, and no chronic effects have been shown for plausible doses. However, concern does exist over its interaction with heavy metals in waste-treatment processes and in the environment... 

The standard recommendation of most public agencies has been to wash hard surfaces with a solution of TSP (trisodium phosphate), sold at hardware stores, or a phosphate-containing automatic dishwashing detergent. Phosphate was believed to be effective for dissolving lead dust. 

Ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM) resists attack from oxygeneated solvents (such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate), weak acids and alkalies, detergents, phosphate esters, alcohols, and glycols. It exhibits exceptional resistance to hot water and high pressure steam. The elastomer, being hydrocar-... 

Many examples of inconsistencies in our present system come to mind. Consider the cases of saccharine, NTA, and dioxin. Since most readers are no longer familiar with NTA, perhaps it is a good starting material upon which to initiate this comparison. NTA is shorthand for nitrilotriacetate. It is a simple compound that was manufactured as a replacement for detergent phosphates, when detergent phosphates were beginning to be banned in the United States. NTA is still used in detergents in Canada, as it has been for three decades. 

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