Detergent builders silicates

Note Use laundry detergent, unbuilt in conjunction with laundry builder, silicated (both linen and industrial) at 1 part bw detergent to 2-4 parts builder solution. 

Britesil . pPQCorp.] Sodium silicates alkaline detergent builder. 

The International Joint Commission (U.S.-Canada) under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement undertook a safety review of detergent builders which encompassed both human health and environmental aspects. The Task Force on the Health Effects of Non-NTA Detergent Builders of the IJC s Great Lakes Science Advisory Board concluded that "the use of sodium silicate in detergents poses no hazard to man" ( ). A separate Task Force on the Ecological Effects of Phosphate Replacements has not yet issued a report, but it is understood to have concluded that there is no cause for concern ( 5). 

Ammonium carbonate Citric acid Methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid copolymer Nitrilotriacetic acid Oxidized cellulose PEG-2 cocomonium chloride Sodium disilicate Sodium metaphosphate Sodium sesquicarbonate Sodium silicoaluminate Tetrapotassium pyrophosphate Tetrasodium EDTA Zeolite Zeolite synthetic detergent builder, household cleaners Potassium silicate detergent builder, laundry powders Sodium sulfate... 

Bauer, H., Schimmel, G., Jtirges, P. 1999. The Evolution of Detergent Builders from Phosphates to Zeolites to Silicates. Tenside Surf. Det. 36 225-229. 

VI. THE ALKALINE SILICATES THEIR SPECIFIC PROPERTIES AND POTENTIAL AS DETERGENT BUILDERS... 

Addition of suitable builders, such as sodium silicates or sodium tripolyphosphate, could increase the detergency of soap-LSDA blend even further. A systematic investigation of three-component systems, soap-LSDA builder, showed that a detergency maximum could be attained which corresponded to a certain fixed ratio of components. Maximum detergency corresponded to an approximate composition of 75% soap, 10% MES, and 15% metasilicate. The tests were carried out at 50°C and at 300 ppm water hardness which is well above that of U.S. municipal water supplies. The principle of detergency potentiation of soap by an LSDA and builder was always evident, even when using other artificially soiled cloths, such as those supplied by U.S. Testing Co. or Testfabrics Inc. 

Alkaline cleaning solutions contain builders (sodium salts of phosphates, carbonates, silicates, and hydroxides) and surfactants (detergents and soaps). Other additives may include anti-oxidants and stabilizers as well as small amounts of solvents. Acidic cleaning solutions may contain mineral acids (nitric, sulfuric, phosphoric, or hydrochloric), organic... 

In the presynthetic surfactant era, soap was built (and still is) with alkaline salts such as soda ash, silicates, orthophosphates, and borates. These materials buffer the wash solution to a high pH and prevent soap protonation thus, the soap remains effective. Another type of builder is the neutral inorganic salt such as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate. These materials may improve detergency by increasing the ionic strength and altering the CMC of anionic surfactants. 

The efforts of the detergent industry toward solution of its part of the eutrophication problem are, at this point, less complete than its response to the biodegradability problem. Soda ash, Na2C03, sodium silicate, and, to a lesser extent, sodium citrate formed the basis of the early formulations marketed in the areas where phosphates were banned. Technically, these substances are considerably less effective than sodium tripolyphosphate. As a precipitant builder, soda ash can lead to undesirable deposits of calcium carbonate on textiles and on washing machines. 

R. Coffey and T. Gudowicz, Detergents - Trends In Siliceous Builders , Chem. Ind. (London), 1990, 169. 

Use of liquid crystalline phases Surfactants produce liquid crystalline phases at high concentrations. Three main types of Hquid crystals can be identified hexagonal phase (sometimes referred to as middle phase) cubic phase and lamellar (neat phase). All of these structures are highly viscous and also show elastic responses. If produced in the continuous phase of suspensions, they can eliminate sedimentation of the particles. These Hquid crystalline phase are particularly useful for application in liquid detergents which contain high surfactant concentrations. Their presence reduces sedimentation of the coarse builder particles (phosphates and silicates). 

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