Detection technology

To date, only two technologies have reached the original goal of certification , namely. X-ray computer tomography (CT) in 1996 and X-ray powder diffraction coherent Compton scattering in 2004. In fact, since 1996 this has not been a 

Probably the oldest need for trace detection was for the detection of poisons. Food tasters fulfilled that role, as did canaries when used by miners to warn of poisonous atmospheres underground. In more recent times, society has required the detection of other chemicals. Often a trained dog meets that need. Canine olfaction wiU be discussed in Chapter 3. 

The requirements for an explosive detection system are set out in certification standards issued by the FAA/TSA/DHS. Key issues are as follows  

probability of detection (Pj) and probability of false alarm (Pg,), that is, the receiver operation curve  

initial investment, maintenance, space requirements and 

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Hybrid probe—immunoassays are expected to find a specific niche in clinical analysis, especially as a means to adapt probe assays to existing immunoanaly2ers which are locked into a specific enzyme or fluorescence detection technology. Commercialization of the first of these assays is expected by the year 2000. 

Radiometric detection technology offers high sensitivity and specificity for many appUcations in scientific research. The radioactive emission of the labeled compound is easily detected and does not suffer from interference from endogenous radioactivity in the sample. Because of this unique property, labeled compounds can be used as tracers to study the localization, movement, or transformation of molecules in complex experimental systems. 

Finding 3 Many alternative chemical/biological detection technologies are being investigated in university, industry, and government laboratories, and various military prototype systems have been developed however, it is very difficult to independently evaluate all of the performance claims for these technologies. 

Buehler, C., Stoeckli, K. and Auer, M. (2001). The integration of single molecule detection technologies into miniturized drug screening Current status and future perspectives. In New Trends in Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Valeur, B. and Brochon, J. C., eds.). Springer, Berlin, pp. 331-79. 

One of the first bioagent detection technologies fielded in the early 90 s was the immunochromatographic assay (also known as Hand Held Assays, Figure 2). The immunochromatographic assays include a nitrocellulose strip to which a liquid sample is added at one end. As the liquid flows down the... 

Kricka, L.J. (1999) Nucleic acid detection technologies—labels, strategies, and formats. Clinical Chemistry 45(4), 453-458. 

Fluorescent detection technology applicable to biochips is evolving rapidly, resulting in detection instruments that are more powerful, user-friendly, and less expensive. Most systems employ photomultiplier tube (PMT) technology in conjunction with multiple colors, lasers, and a variety of filters. It is essentially a fluorescent microscope that... 

The development of new low-temperature detection technology and the launch of the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite by NASA in 1989 helped to resolve this problem. The results from these observations were amazing - an almost perfect black body curve (Figure 2.3) with a black body temperature of 2.725 0.002 K and a maximum wavelength of the radiation at kmax = 1.05 mm. 

A relatively recent advancement in light-detection technology for analytical purposes is represented by low-light imaging devices based on intensified Vid-... 

Application areas for UV sensors in the household environment are introduced and the technological requirements and challenges of UV-sensing discussed. Different detection technologies with their strengths and weaknesses are explained. Finally, reasons that limit the use of UV sensors in household appliances are discussed and way outs are lined out. 

Patton, W. F., Detection technologies in proteome analysis, J. Chromatogr. B. Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., 771, 3, 2002. 

Anthraquinone Yellow, colorant for plastics, 7 374t Anthrarufin, 9 315 Anthra system, 14 47—4 8 Anthrax detection technology, 22 264 Anthrax sterilization, 8 667 Anthrazit coal grade (Germany), 6 713t Anthrimide dyes, 9 332 Anthrimidocarbazole dyes, 9 332-333 vat dyes, 9 324... 

Radiometric detection technology, 21 271 Radiometric ore sorting, 16 626 Radiometric techniques, for plutonium analysis, 19 699-700 Radiometry, 23 142-143 Radionuclide removal... 

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