Design process integration

Keywords Aviation Aircraft Ufe cycle Concmrent engineering Design process integration... 

Design for Manufacturability through Design-Process Integration. Sponsored by the SPIE, The International Society for Optical Engineering. 

The choice of a specific CO2 removal system depends on the overall ammonia plant design and process integration. Important considerations include CO2 sHp required, CO2 partial pressure in the synthesis gas, presence or lack of sulfur, process energy demands, investment cost, availabiUty of solvent, and CO2 recovery requirements. Carbon dioxide is normally recovered for use in the manufacture of urea, in the carbonated beverage industry, or for enhanced oil recovery by miscible flooding. 

B. Linnhoff and co-workers, User s Guide on Process Integration for the Efficient Use of Energy, Institution of Chemical Engineers, Warwickshire, U.K., 1994. R. Smith, Chemical Process Design, McGraw-HiU Book Co., Inc., New York, 1995. 

Commercial or production reactors for heterogeneous catalytic processes are versions of the so-called integral reactors, so the fundamental process of design is integration. In particular, the necessary catalyst-filled reactor volume must be calculated that will give a desired production rate. This then includes finding conditions to achieve the desired production, at a certain selectivity and minimal operating costs and investment, to maximize the return on investment. 

Today, one has many choices in the area of controller-integrated circuits. One must decide early in the design process how much functionality and integration... 

This design example purposely avoids the use of a highly integrated buck controller IC. It would be instructional to show the selection and design process involved in a switching power supply. Refer to Figure 3-65... 

In heterogeneous systems AP must be critically reviewed, especially if the reaction involves a two-phase mixture of liquid and gas, or if the gas flows through a deep bed of catalyst particles as in the FCC systems. AP should be checked early in the design process to assess its influence on the overall plant integrity. 

As has been discussed in Chapter One, mathematical programming (or optimization) is a powerful tool for process integration. For an overview of c mization and its application in pollution prevention, the reader is referred to El-Halwagi (1995). In this chapter, it will be shown how optimization techniques enable the designer to ... 

After tlie system has been defined, a hazard evaluation technique can be used to identify different types of hazards within tlie system components and to propose possible solutions to eliminate the hazards. This topic is treated in more detail in the next t o chapters. These procedures are e.xtremely useful in identifying system modes and failures that can contribute to the occurrence of accidents diey should be an integral part of different phases of process development from conceptual design to installation, operation, and maintenance. The hazard evaluation tecliniques tliat are useful in tlie preliminary and detailed stages of tlie design process include ... 

All methods of corrosion control such as careful materials selection, including coating and cladding, inhibition and cathodic protection, should be regarded as an integral part of the design process. 

Process integration is the key challenge in the design of efficient and cost-effective manufacturing... 

Closely related to challenges in process integration are those in reactor engineering and design. Research in this area is important if we... 

Contextual design is a flexible software design approach that collects multiple customer-centered techniques into an integrated design process [7]. The approach is centered around contextual inquiry sessions in which detailed information is gathered about the way individual people work and use systems and the associated information flow. The data from each contextual inquiry session are used to create sequence models that map the exact workflow in a session along with any information breakdowns, flow models that detail the flow of information between parties and systems (much akin to but less formal... 

Cerda, J., Gutierrez, J., Esplugas, S. and Mata, J., 1990, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 29, 590. Charalambides, M.S., 1996, Optimal Design of Integrated Batch Processes , Ph. D. Thesis, University of London, the Imperial College, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology, November, London. 

---