Decontamination agents

Incompatibility between decontaminating agents and contaminants Incompatibility between decontaminating agents and clothing or equipment being decontaminated... 

Because of the vigorous reaction of urticants with caustics, household bleach is not an effective decontamination agent for large quantities of these materials. Reaction with hypochlorites, including household bleach, may produce toxic gases such as chlorine. 

STB Supertropical Bleach ( a decontamination agent), a mixture of calcium oxide and bleaching powder. 

If the alcoholic HTH mixture is not available, then the following decontaminants may be used instead and are listed in the order of preference Decontaminating Agent (DS2), Supertropical Bleach Slurry (STB), and Sodium Hypochlorite. 

RECOMMENDED LABORATORY PROCEDURES A minimum of 55 grams of decon solution is required per gram of GD. Decontaminant/agent solution is allowed to agitate for a minimum of one hour. Agitation is not necessary following the first hour provided a single phase is obtained. At the end of the first hour the pH should be checked and adjusted up to 11.5 with additional NaOH as required. 

Decontaminating Agent DS2,1-1/3 quarts can, NSN 6850-00-753-4827 Decontaminating Agent DS2, 5 gallon pails, NSN 6850-00-753-4870 Decontaminating Apparatus, Portable, 14 liters, M13, NSN 4230-01-133-4124 14 Liter Container, Fluid Filled, NSN 6850-01-136-8888... 

In a situation where military agents have been applied, there may be an equal likelihood that the military has also applied their own decontaminant materials. These do not necessarily render the agent neutral or environmentally safe, but merely less toxic. Indiscriminate use of the decontamination agents can be as enviromnentally damaging at the use of the agent. 

Many chemical companies produce decontamination agents. DuPont, for instance, makes chlorine dioxide, the material used to decontaminate the Hart office building after anthrax contamination. DuPont did not perform the decontamination, however, because they did not know the effect of that product on a building, its infrastructure, computers, papers, or even the carpet. Although DuPont makes both the carpet and the decontaminant, we have never investigated the interaction of the two products. This is the kind of new, integrated thinking that is called for. 

Radioactivity transport in reactor coolant circuits involves both surface corrosion and deposition. Several XPS studies(8,9) of reactor boiler alloys have been reported which show the very strong effect of coolant chemistry on the films deposited. The chemistry of corrosion products precipitated on ZrO and Al O surfaces has been studied using XPS.ly More recently, chemical decontamination of radioactive boiler circuits has been assisted by XPS analysis of the surface-active decontaminating agent.(1 ) Surface oxidation in gas-cooled reactor circuits has also been investigated. AES has been used to follow the CC>2 oxidation of a chromium steel(H) and some pure metals. (12)... 

Finally, because hyperaccumulators can accumulate relatively large quantities of heavy metals from the substrate, they could be used as decontaminating agents. A research group in the United States has already carried out trials with a Co hyperaccumulator in order to try to remove radioactive Co from contaminated soil. 

The applications of calixpyrroles in the design of sensors and new materials with potential use as decontaminant agents for the removal of fluorides from water are discussed. 

Decontaminating Agent SIB (also referred to as Bleach, Supertropical Bleach, Bleaching Powder, Bleaching Material, and Chlorinated Lime). STB is a wh powder contg 30% of available chlorine. 

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