Environmental information databases

Chemical Safety Information Databases Environmental Information Databases Infrared Data Correlations with Chemical Structure NMR Data Correlation with Chemical Structure NMR Refinement Online Databases in Chemistry Reaction Databases. 

Chemical Abstracts Service Information System Chemical Engineering Databases Environmental Information Databases Factual Information Databases Online Databases in Chemistry. 

Environmental information is available extensively on the free Internet. Two main reasons aeeount for this. First, the freedom of environmental information law and, secondly, the fact that many environmental databases which used to be available only commercially are now accessible on the free Internet. This section focuses on environmental information which is available free of charge on the Internet. Three main paths are distinguished for searching environmental information effectively. In general, all three routes should be taken into consideration for achieving a sound search result for environmental information on chemical stibstances... 

K. Voigt, Databases on environmental information, in Handbook of Chemoin-formatics, J. Gasteiger (Ed.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2003, Chapter V, Section 10. 

A comprehensive search (295) of the STORET water quaUty database, maintained by the U.S. EPA Office of Water, is used to evaluate the potential water quaUty implications of various herbicides. This database contains information on contamination of surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) suppUes. The data are provided to give a general impression of the occurrence of a given herbicide in SW and GW (269). The U.S. EPA scheme for categorizing a chemical s carcinogenic potential is used for herbicides for which healthy advisory information (HA) is available. The U.S. EPA is continually issuing HAs for various environmental contaminants HAs available in Reference 269 were used in preparation of this article. 

Environmental RouteNet provides a single gateway to the world s foremost databases and information sources available on the Internet. The sendee includes searchable links to hundreds of carefully-screened environmentally-related resources, selected and indexed by the editors at Cambridge Scientific Abstracts. In addition, the site provides access to proprietaiy environmentally-related databases and to daily updates of environmentally-related news stories, regulations and legislation, plus much, much more. 

The BASIC toxicity database contains information on the aquatic toxicity of a number of hazardous substances. In many cases, the information is given as some sort of safe level such as UK Environmental Quality Standards (EQSs) or the national/international equivalent. For substances for which no such levels have been set, a brief literature review was performed in order to produce an environmental hazard/risk assessment. 

This database includes information on the environmental fate of pesticide actives. 

Databases are resources that contain environmental information in various fields. Databases may be available from government or educational institutions online or by inquiry, or may be available from commercial establishments on-line or CD-ROM. Some databases are essentially electronic entries to library catalogs and also provide access to full text articles and/or direct entry to publishers Web sites. 

ACToR actor.epa.gov Database of information on chemicals of environmental interest, compiling data from >500 sources... 

Voigt, K. Environmental information databases. In Schleyer PvR, Allinger NL, Clark T, Gasteiger J, Kollman PA, Schaefer HF, Schreiner PR, editors. The encyclopedia of computational chemistry, Vol. 2. New York Wiley, 1998. p. 941-52. 

TOXNET http //toxnet.nlm.nih.gov User-friendly Web site that allows searching of a cluster of bibliographic and factual databases with information on toxicology and environmental health. Includes the Hazardous Substances Databank (HSDB), with detailed information about 4500 chemicals, and TOXLINE, containing >3 million citations to journal articles and technical reports. 

Ways, other than legislative means, in which control can be exerted are also shown in Figure 9.2. These include codes of good practice and campaigns, fiscal measures such as the landfill tax and the proposed pesticide tax, and the publication of information. The Environment Agency s Pollution Inventory, launched in 1999, provides environmental information to a large audience, particularly the general public. The inventory is a database of emissions of pollutants to the environment from particular industries in the UK. 

The MEPAS shell has elements of a knowledge-based system. The source term, environmental. transport, and exposure assessment data entries build a database of information that can be used to define additional environmental problems. This feature, which was added to simplify evaluation of similar or related problems, will also be useful in the evaluation of remedial action alternatives for site cleanup using a baseline case. Also the knowledge base in the constituent database grows as MEPAS is applied to new constituents. 

NATICH. 1995. National Air Toxics Information Clearinghouse Database. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. 

Page B, Voigt K (2003) Recent History and Development of Environmental Information Systems and Databases in Germany. Online Information Review 27(l) 37-50... 

Voigt K (2003) Databases on Environmental Information, in Gasteiger J, Engel T (Ed.) Chemoinformatics - From Data to Knowledge, Volume 2. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp 722-741... 

This database includes information on all aspects of transportation in the United States, including environmental and safety aspects and transportation regulation. 

Information on oral RfDs and inhalation RfCs for a large variety of toxic substances may be found in the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), which is prepared and maintained by the US Environmental Protection Agency. IRIS is an electronic database containing information on human health effects that may result from exposure to various chemicals in the environment (http //www.epa.gov/iris/htm). 

Hazardous Substance Data Bank (HSDB) (http //toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/) Although this database compiles information on only 4500 chemicals, it has the advantage of being peer-reviewed and focusing on compounds with environmental impacts. This system is maintained by the National Library of Medicine and although the focus is primarily on toxicological properties, exposure is determined by environmental behavior and consequently the physical chemical properties of the compounds are included. 

Polymers are also used in adhesives and Avalon [11] noted that TG can be used in combination with a database of information about the components of the product and the product itself to compare the maximum mass loss temperature and profile of the TG curve to provide a quantitative analysis of the product. The database of information can be either a strength or weakness of this approach, depending on the completeness of the data available for the comparative work. The use of DSC, DMA/TMA and TG were also discussed [12] relative to adhesive applications. Among the properties examined were % crystallinity, Tg, cure state, environmental stability, blend ratios, modulus and damping, thermal expansion and shrinkage, composition, volatiles and plasticizer levels. 

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