Czochralski crystallizers

H. Kopetsch. A numerical method for the time-dependent Stefan-problem in Czochralski crystal growth. J Crystal Growth SS 71, 1988 H. Kopetsch. Phy-sico-Chem Hydrodyn 77 357, 1989 H. Kopetsch. J Cryst Growth 102 500, 1990. 

Vessels for Czochralski crystal growth of III-V and II-VI compounds (i.e., gallium arsenide). 

Figure 6. Schematic of driving forces for flows in Czochralski crystal growth system, which shows the regions where the driving forces will produce the strongest motions. The shape functions describing the unknown interface shapes are listed also.

Czochralski Crystal Growth Case Study of Meniscus-Defined Growth System... 

Figure 1.8 (a) Czochralski crystal pulling technique (b) commercial Czochralski crystal... 

Figure 37 Kyropolis crystal growth method (a), (b). Czochralski crystal growth method (c)...

Fig. 3.4-4. Czochralski crystal pulling unit for the manufacture of silicon single crystals.

Fig. 3 Czochralski crystal pulling and watering. (Courtesy of UNSW Centre for Photovoltaic Engineering Image Library.)...

E.M. Nunes et al., A volume radiation heat transfer model for Czochralski crystal growth processes. J. Cryst. Growth 236(4), 596-608 (2002). 

Returning to Czochralski crystal growth, of the 9 parameters given in... 

Oliver, D. W., Brower, G. D., and Horn, F, H. 1972. Cold metal crucible system for synthesis, zone refining, and Czochralski crystal growth of refractory metals and semiconductors. J. Cryst. Growth 12 125-131. 

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