Cytotoxic anticancer agents

Pentostam " sodium stibogluconate, pentostatin [ban, inn, usan) (deoxycoformycin DCF Nipent ) is a nucleoside ANTIBIOTIC produced by Streptomyces antibioticus and Aspergillus nidulans. It is a potent ENZYME INHIBITOR of adenosine deaminase. As a cytotoxic ANTICANCER AGENT it is used in chemotherapy to treat hairy cell leukaemia and lymphoid neoplasms. Pentothal thiopentone. 

Vercyte ) is a substituted piperazine, an alkylating cytotoxic ANTICANCER AGENT, which is used orally in the treatment of essential thrombocythaemia. 

NSC 6396 Thiotepa and many other names) is a polyfunc-donai aikyiating cytotoxic ANTICANCER AGENT that interferes with the DNA of new-forming cells, so preventing celi repiication. It is used as an immunosuppressant in the treatment of tumours in the bladder by instillation) and sometimes for breast cancer. It is also an insect chemosterilant. Thiotepa thiotepa. 

NSC 49842 Velban Velbe ) is one of the vinca alkaloids from Vinca rosea (Catharanthus roseus) (Apocynaceae). It is a cytotoxic ANTICANCER AGENT used by injection for acute leukaemias, lymphomas and some solid tumours, vinblastine sulfate vinblastine, vincaleucoblastine vinblastine, vincaleukoblastine vinblastine. 

The "log-kill" hypothesis states that cytotoxic anticancer agents kill a certain percentage, not a fixed number, of cells. 

DRUG RESISTANCE Membrane transporters play critical roles in the development of resistance to anticancer drugs, antiviral agents, and anticonvulsants. P-glycoprotein, which exports many chemotherapeutics from cells, is overexpressed in tumor cells after exposure to cytotoxic anticancer agents. Other transporters (e.g., breast cancer resistance protein [BCRP], organic anion transporters, and several nucleoside transporters) also have been implicated in resistance to anticancer drugs. 

Table 1 Examples of parenteral formulations of cytotoxic anticancer agents... 

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