Cytological responses

Liposomal cytarabine (Depocyt) Special formulated nucleoside Lymphomatous meningitis Phase II cytologic response... 

The 3-deoxyanthocyanidins are a class of phytoalexins found in sorghum. These compounds are so fungi-toxic that they are effective at femtogram levels (Snyder and Nicholson, 1990 Nicholson and Wood, 2001). The synthesis of these compounds is initiated on the endoplasmic reticulum. Compounds are then trafficked in subcellular inclusions. The inclusions appear similar to vesicles, but there is no evidence that membranes surround the inclusions (Snyder and Nicholson, 1990). Nielsen et al. (2004) recently summarized this defense response. The cytological response commences when clear, colorless inclusions (less than 0.1 pm in diameter) accumulate in leaf cells under fungal attack. The inclusions eventually are seen as red bodies at the infection site. When the 3-deoxyanthocyanidins enter the apoplast, the host cell collapses. The phytoalexins then accumulate in the pathogen and cause its death. Excess phytoalexins are trapped in host cell walls at infection sites (Lo et al., 1998 1999). 

Biochemical and cytological response of the lung to inhaled metal salts. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 50 123-136. 

Yang, S., Wu, R.S.S. and Kong, R.Y.C. (2002) Physiological and cytological responses of the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum to 2,4-dichlorophenol. Aquatic Toxicology, 60, 33—41... 

DeNicola, D.B., Rebar, A.H., and Henderson, R.F., Early damage indicators in the lung. V. Biochemical and cytological response to NO2 inhalation, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 60, 301-312, 1981. 

E. C. Landsberg, Hormonal regulation of iron-stress response in sunflower roots a morphological and cytological investigation. Protopkisma /94 69 (1996). 

The structural hypothesis, which was formulated in response to observations that axonal transport rate components move as discrete waves, each with a characteristic rate and a distinctive composition, can explain the coherent transport of functionally related proteins and is consistent with the relatively small numbers of motor molecules in neurons. The only assumption is that the number of elements that can interact with transport motor complexes is limited, and this requires appropriate packaging of the transported material. Different rate components result from packaging of transported material into different, cytologically identifiable, structures. In fact, the faster rates reflect the transport of proteins preassembled as membranous organelles, including vesicles and... 

Other neurological diseases accompanied by the manifestation of monocytic oligocytosis this is the most complicated issue of cytological diagnostics in CSF. Borreliosis can be differentiated again by the presence of an antibody response in cerebrospinal fluid. 

Figure 26.3 Percent of total days with estrous cytology in SD female rats fed atrazine in the diet. (Vaginal cytology was monitored daily for 14-day intervals, followed by 14 days of rest. Estrous cytology was defined by the presence of a majority of keratinized (cornified) cells in the lavage. Each point represents the mean S.E. of 60 animals per dose group. The mean responses to 400ppm at 13-14, 17-18, 21-22, and 25-26 weeks were significantly different from controls (ANOVA, p <. 05) other mean values were not significantly different.)...

Perotto, S., Brewin, N.J., Kannenberg, E.L. Cytological evidence for a host defense response that reduces cell and tissue invasion in pea nodules by hpopolysaccharide- defective mutants of Rhizobium leguminosarum strain 3841. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 7 (1994) 99-112. 

Giant and atypical mesothelial cells can develop in the peritoneum in response to irritation caused by peritoneal dialysis solutions. Mesothelial hyperplasia without an increase in mesothelial cell size, cytological atypia in mesothelial cells, polynucleate cells with nucleoles, and enlarged mesothelial cells with a flat small nucleus and without evident nucleoles have all been described (5). These giant cells are not found unless there is peritonitis. During peritonitis mesothelial cells detach en masse from the basal lamina. 

The philosophy of evidence-based practice is widely accepted, although operational and implementation issues represent major barriers. One of the significant barriers is a shortage of evidence reports on topics of critical interest, and the lack of a national infrastructure to prepare such reports. In response to this need, AHRQ has funded 12 Evidence-based Practice Centers to conduct systematic, comprehensive analyses and syntheses of the scientific literature to develop evidence reports and technology assessments on clinical topics that are common, expensive, and present challenges to decision makers. Since December 1998, 11 evidence reports have been released on topics that include sleep apnea, traumatic brain injury, alcohol dependence, cervical cytology, urinary tract infection, depression, dysphasia, sinusitis, stable angina, testosterone suppression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 

Zahn, T., H. Arnold and T. Braunbeck. Cytological and biochemical response of R1 cells and isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to subacute in vitro exposure to disulfoton. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 48 47-64, 1996. 

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