Cyanides incompatibilities

DOT CLASSIFICATION 6.1 Label Poison SAFETY PROFILE Poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion nausea or vomiting, hypermotility, diarrhea, kidney changes, somnolence. Hydrolyzes to toxic fumes. A friction- and impact-sensitive explosive. It may initiate detonation of liquid hydrogen cyanide. Incompatible with fluorine, magnesium, sodium nitrite. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Hg, NO, and CNT See also CYANIDE and MERCURY COMPOUNDS. 

CALCIUM CYANIDE (592-01-8) Contact with water, alcohols, or acids releases hydrogen cyanide. Incompatible with fluorine, magnesium, nitrates, nitrites. 

Copper nitrate reacts with sodamide and ammonia by forming explosive copper amides. The oxidising properties of this nitrate have led to violent detonations with ammonium hexacyanoferrates heated to 220 C in the presence of water traces, or dry at the same temperature, but in the presence of an excess of hexacyanoferrate. These accidents illustrate once more the incompatibility between compounds with a cyano group (or cyanide anion) and oxidants. An accident also occurred with a potassium hexacyanoferrate. 

Finally, anions that are incompatible with oxidants will give rise to violent reactions with iodates. This goes for cyanides, thiocyanates and sulphides. In the last case, arsenic, antimony, copper and tin sulphides were the main ones cited. 

Lead chromate gave rise to two accidents, which involved an alkaline (II) fenocyanide. They are explained by incompatibility between the cyano group (or cyanide anion) and oxidants. 

Several other fuels were examined by Gilliland in zero OB mixts with TeNMe, but it was found that some fuels are incompatible with TeNMe. Most notably, acetylene is only very si sol in it and metallic salts, such as Mercuric Cyanide and Mercuric Fulminate, are insoluble... 

Note Highly polar solvent sweet, ethereal odor soluble in water flammable, burns with a luminous flame highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption miscible with water, methanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethers, acetamide solutions, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene chloride, and many unsaturated hydrocarbons immiscible with many saturated hydrocarbons (petroleum fractions) dissolves some inorganic salts such as silver nitrate, lithium nitrate, magnesium bromide incompatible with strong oxidants hydrolyzes in the presence of aqueous bases and strong aqueous acids. Synonyms methyl cyanide, acetic acid nitrile, cyanomethane, ethylnitrile. 

Separate acids from incompatible materials such as bases, active metals (ex. sodium, magnesium, potassium) and from chemicals which can generate toxic gases when combined (ex. sodium cyanide and iron sulfide). 

Incompatible with AgNOs and amines. To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical, or alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN". See also NITRILES and CYANIDE. 

ACGIH TLV TWA 1 mg(Cu)/m3 DOT CLASSIFICATION 6.1 Label Poison, KEEP AWAY FROM FOOD SAFETY PROFILE Poison by intraperitoneal route. See also CYANIDE and COPPER COMPOUNDS. Incompatible with magnesium. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fiimes of NOx and CNT... 

SAFETY PROFILE Deadly poison by ingestion. A skin and severe eye irritant. When heated to decomposidon it emits very toxic fumes of CN" and NOx. Incompatible with phosphoms tricyanide, fluorine. Used in silver plating. See also SILVER COMPOUNDS and CYANIDE. 

Materials that become more hazardous when contacted with water comprise another important class of incompatible materials. For example, carbonyl sulphide (COS) and calcium sulphide (CaS) both release toxic H2S on contact with water. Dry powders of sodium or potassium cyanide release toxic HCN in the presence of moisture. Care must be taken to prevent such materials from coming into contact with water during processing and storage. The 1985 Bhopal accident was started by a runaway reaction involving a water-sensitive chemical. 

The alkylation chemistry of a considerable number of O-trimethylsilyl cyanohydrins derived from aryl and heteroaryl aldehydes has been reported by Hunig and coworkers. Tbe protected cyanohydrins are easily prepared by heating the aldehydes with trimethylsilyl cyanide in the presence of a Lewis acid. The use of dialkyl sulfates and tosylates as alkylating agents was so reported. Hata et alP failed to alkylate the anion of the adduct of trimethylsilyl cyanide and acetaldehyde, suggesting that the trimethylsilyl group is incompatible with the more basic anions derived from aliphatic aldehydes. Ficini et alP... 

Cyanide substitution is an Sj 2 reaction and requires a 1° or 2° carbon with a leaving group. The Grignard reaction is less particular about the type of halide, but is sensitive to, and incompatible with, acidic functional groups and other reactive groups. 

ACETYL BENZENE (98-86-2) CjHgO Combustible liquid. Forms explosive mixture with air [explosion limits in air (vol %) 1.1 to 6.7 flash point 180°F/82°C oc autoignition temp 1058°F/570°C Fire Rating 2]. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers. Incompatible with strong acids, aldehydes, aliphatic amines, cyanides, isocyanates, oxidizers, perchloric acid, hydrogen peroxide and other peroxides. 

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