Methyl cyanide

The functions of the potassium carbonate are (a) to neutralise the acetic acid arising from the action of the phosphoric acid upon the acetamide, and (6) to salt out the otherwise soluble methyl cyanide as an upper layer. 

Methyl chloroform, see 1, -l, -1 -Trichloroethane Methyl chloroformate Methyl cyanide, see Acetonitrile Methyl cyclohexane a-Methyl cyclohexanol 2-Methyl cyclohexanone... 

Methyl chloroform (1,1,1-trichloroethane) Methyl cyanide (acetonitrile)... 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Ethanenitrile, Ethyl Nitrate, Cyanomethane, Methyl cyanide Chemical Formula CHjCN. 

The phosphorus pentoxide is introduced into a small distilling flask (200 c.c.) attached to a short condenser. As the pentoxide absorbs moisture rapidly and becomes sticky, it is convenient to push the neck of the distilling flask through a cork which fits the phosphorus pentoxide bottle, and then to shake in the oxide until the required weight is obtained. The powdered acetamide is immediately introduced and shaken up, and the mixture distilled over a small flame, which is constantly moved about. Add to the distillate about half its volume of water, and then solid potassium carbonate, until no more dissolves. The upper layer of liquid, which consists of methyl cyanide, is separated and distilled over a little fresh phosphorus pentoxide with thermometer. Yield, about 5 grams. 

Figure E.3 Atom numbering for methyl cyanide including a dummy atom...

Cyan-kalium, n. potassium cyanide, -kalium-losung, /. potassium cyanide solution, -ko-balt, m. cobalt cyanide, -kohlensaure, / cyanocarbonic acid. -kupfer, n. copper cyanide, -laugerei, -laugung, /. cyaniding. cyanidation. -losung, / cyanide solution, -metall, n. metallic sodium cyanide. -platin, n. platinum cyanide. 

Acetonitrile (methyl cyanide, cyanomethane) is frequently used with other solvents such as chloroform and phenol, and particularly with acetic acid. It enables very sharp end points to be obtained in the titration of metal acetates6 when titrated with perchloric acid. 

The equilibrium clathrate of methanol has the much higher value yA = 0.47 at 25°C. This is to be expected since the methanol molecule is so large that it distorts the lattice contrary to assumption (a) of Section II.A, thereby increasing the value of Ay to be taken in Eq. 25. The methyl cyanide molecule distorts the lattice even more, and as already noted by Powell,24 its equilibrium clathrate must therefore have a value of yA still higher than that for the methanol clathrate. (The CH3CN clathrate investigated by Powell, however, was not an equilibrium clathrate, cf. point B in Fig. 5). 

Methyl acetylene, 16, 42, 116 Methyl cyanide, 118 Methyl fluoride, 107 lone pairs, 42... 

Nitriles are organic derivatives of hydrocyanic acid in which the substituting group is attached to carbon. Their formula is R.C N. Because most nitriles can be derived from corresponding acid amides, R.CO.NH2, by removal of w, they are called nitriles. For instance, the compd CH3.CN is called acetonitrile because it is derived from acetamide. It can also be called methyl cyanide. The compd C2HS.CN is called either propionitrile or ethyl cyanide, etc The first nitrile to be prepared was propionitrile which J. Pelouze obtained in 1834 by distg Ba ethyl sulfate with K cyanide... 

Samuelsen [345] has reported an HPLC method for the determination of trichlorfos and dichlorvos in seawater. A methyl cyanide phosphate buffer was used and detection was achieved by ultraviolet measurements at 205 nm. 

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